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The tables below provides information on the variation of solubility of different substances (mostly inorganic compounds) in water with temperature, at one atmosphere pressure. Units of solubility are given in grams of substance per 100 millilitres of water (g/(100 mL)), unless shown otherwise. The substances are listed in alphabetical order.
The following chart shows the solubility of various ionic compounds in water at 1 atm pressure and room temperature (approx. 25 °C, 298.15 K). "Soluble" means the ionic compound doesn't precipitate, while "slightly soluble" and "insoluble" mean that a solid will precipitate; "slightly soluble" compounds like calcium sulfate may require heat to precipitate.
The hydroxide itself is insoluble in water, with a solubility product log K* sp of −11.7. Addition of acid gives soluble hydrolysis products, including the trimeric ion [Be 3 (OH) 3 (H 2 O) 6 ] 3+ , which has OH groups bridging between pairs of beryllium ions making a 6-membered ring. [ 17 ]
Sodium hydroxide is insoluble in ether and other non-polar solvents. Similar to the hydration of sulfuric acid, dissolution of solid sodium hydroxide in water is a highly exothermic reaction [ 15 ] where a large amount of heat is liberated, posing a threat to safety through the possibility of splashing.
The solubility of a specific solute in a specific solvent is generally expressed as the concentration of a saturated solution of the two. [1] Any of the several ways of expressing concentration of solutions can be used, such as the mass, volume, or amount in moles of the solute for a specific mass, volume, or mole amount of the solvent or of the solution.
Precipitation of many insoluble, or less soluble barium salts, may result from double replacement reaction when a barium hydroxide aqueous solution is mixed with many solutions of other metal salts. [17] Reactions of barium hydroxide with ammonium salts are strongly endothermic. The reaction of barium hydroxide octahydrate with ammonium ...
Another definition of a basic salt would be a salt that contains amounts of both hydroxide and other anions. White lead is an example. It is basic lead carbonate, or lead carbonate hydroxide. These materials are known for their high levels of dissolution in polar solvents. These salts are insoluble and are obtained through precipitation reactions.
Salts form upon evaporation of their solutions. [9] Once the solution is supersaturated and the solid compound nucleates. [9] This process occurs widely in nature and is the means of formation of the evaporite minerals. [10] Insoluble salts can be precipitated by mixing two solutions, one with the cation and one with the anion in it.