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  2. Microorganism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microorganism

    Robert Koch showed that microorganisms caused disease. In 1876, Robert Koch (1843–1910) established that microorganisms can cause disease. He found that the blood of cattle that were infected with anthrax always had large numbers of Bacillus anthracis. Koch found that he could transmit anthrax from one animal to another by taking a small ...

  3. Protozoan infection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protozoan_infection

    Protozoan infections are responsible for diseases that affect many different types of organisms, including plants, animals, and some marine life. Many of the most prevalent and deadly human diseases are caused by a protozoan infection, including African sleeping sickness, amoebic dysentery, and malaria.

  4. Pathogen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogen

    [4] [5] [6] Small animals, such as helminths and insects, can also cause or transmit disease. However, these animals are usually referred to as parasites rather than pathogens. [ 7 ] The scientific study of microscopic organisms, including microscopic pathogenic organisms, is called microbiology , while parasitology refers to the scientific ...

  5. Bacteria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteria

    A pathogenic cause for a known medical disease may only be discovered many years later, as was the case with Helicobacter pylori and peptic ulcer disease. [215] Bacterial diseases are also important in agriculture, and bacteria cause leaf spot, fire blight and wilts in plants, as well as Johne's disease, mastitis, salmonella and anthrax in farm ...

  6. Marine microorganisms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_microorganisms

    A small proportion of marine microorganisms are pathogenic, causing disease and even death in marine plants and animals. [9] However marine microorganisms recycle the major chemical elements, both producing and consuming about half of all organic matter generated on the planet every year. As inhabitants of the largest environment on Earth ...

  7. Fungus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fungus

    Ustilago maydis is a pathogenic plant fungus that causes smut disease in maize and teosinte. Plants have evolved efficient defense systems against pathogenic microbes such as U. maydis. A rapid defense reaction after pathogen attack is the oxidative burst where the plant produces reactive oxygen species at the site of the attempted invasion.

  8. Germ theory of disease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germ_theory_of_disease

    A representation by Robert Seymour of the cholera epidemic depicts the spread of the disease in the form of poisonous air.. The miasma theory was the predominant theory of disease transmission before the germ theory took hold towards the end of the 19th century; it is no longer accepted as a correct explanation for disease by the scientific community.

  9. Plant disease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_disease

    Plant diseases are diseases in plants caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). [1] Organisms that cause infectious disease include fungi , oomycetes , bacteria , viruses , viroids , virus -like organisms, phytoplasmas , protozoa , nematodes and parasitic plants . [ 2 ]

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