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The Marihuana Tax Act of 1937, Pub. L. 75–238, 50 Stat. 551, enacted August 2, 1937, was a United States Act that placed a tax on the sale of cannabis.The H.R. 6385 act was drafted by Harry Anslinger and introduced by Rep. Robert L. Doughton of North Carolina, on April 14, 1937.
The decision of the United States Congress to pass the Marihuana Tax Act of 1937 was based on poorly attended hearings and reports based on questionable studies. [ 41 ] [ 42 ] In 1936 the Federal Bureau of Narcotics (FBN) noticed an increase of reports of people smoking marijuana, which further increased in 1937.
1937: The Marihuana Tax Act is enacted, effectively prohibiting cannabis at the federal level. Although medical use is still permitted, new fees and regulatory requirements significantly curtail its use. [2] 1969: The Marihuana Tax Act is struck down in the case Leary v. United States.
Federal Bureau of Narcotics chief Harry Anslinger garnered support from the president and Congress for the passage of the Marihuana Tax Act, which was signed by Roosevelt and took effect on 1 October, 1937. [2]
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Samuel Caldwell was born on February 11, 1880. He was arrested on October 2, 1937, one day after the Marijuana Tax Act went into effect. He was released from prison in 1940. Caldwell died on June 24, 1941. [2]
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The FBN was established on June 14, 1930, consolidating the functions of the Federal Narcotics Control Board and the Bureau of Prohibition (BOI) Narcotic Division. [4] These preceding bureaus were established to assume enforcement responsibilities assigned to the Harrison Narcotics Tax Act of 1914 and the Jones–Miller Narcotic Drugs Import and Export Act of 1922.