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Buta was proficient in Persian, Urdu, and Punjabi (Gurmukhi), and he founded an Urdu law journal, the first one in the province, called the Anwar-ul-Shams, in 1866. [1] [3] Later in 1872, he founded an Urdu weekly newspaper titled Aftab-i-Punjab, which was the first major newspaper to be devoted to Sikh causes.
The Sikh Empire, officially known as Sarkār-i-Khālsa and Khālasa Rāj, [citation needed] was a regional power based in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent. [7] It existed from 1799, when Maharaja Ranjit Singh captured Lahore, to 1849, when it was defeated and conquered by the British East India Company in the Second Anglo-Sikh War.
Photograph of Prof. Gurmukh Singh (1849–1898). He was a professor of Punjabi at Oriental College Lahore, and was the founder of the Khalsa Akhbar Lahore. He also was one of the founders of Singh Sabha Lehar (Singh Sabha movement). The newspaper was published with effect from 13 June 1886 through the efforts of Bhai Gurmukh Singh from Lahore. [1]
Apart from these, there are another 601 manuscripts, including 207 in Punjabi, 219 in Persian, 123 in English, 41 in Urdu, and 11 in Sanskrit and Hindi. [5] [1] There are volumes of Punjabi magazines like Phulwari, Gurmat Parkash and the English magazine Sikh Review, from 1904–1988, and 35 bound volumes of proceedings of the Sikh History ...
Through print media newspapers and publications, like the Khalsa Akhbar (in Gurmukhi Punjabi, the first Punjabi newspaper [43]) and The Khalsa (in English), the Singh Sabha solidified a general consensus of the nature of Sikh identity, and that the source of authentic Sikhi was the early Sikh tradition, specifically the period of the Sikh Gurus ...
This sense of identity was bolstered by the secular rule of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, a Sikh Punjabi who had successfully expelled the Afghan invaders from Punjab and established a powerful Sikh kingdom in the region. As a result, Punjab was a secular nation with a strong sense of Punjabi nationalism. [46] [47]
Punjabi Sikh soldiers constituted a significant chunk of the British Indian Army due to their distinguished service in action. [ 14 ] [ 15 ] Despite being only around 2% of India's population, Punjabi Sikhs constitute around 20% of the Indian Armed Forces , with the Punjab province being the 2nd largest contributor for manpower after Uttar ...
The Sikh Rule in Lahore initiated from the conquest and rule of the Sikh Misls and extended till the Sikh Empire of Ranjit Singh (also known as Punjab, the Sikh Raj, Sarkar Khālsā Rāj, and Sarkar Khalsaji) [1] which ended in 1849. [2] The Sikhs began gaining power following the decline of the Mughal Empire in Punjab and consisted of a ...