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Depolarization is essential to the function of many cells, communication between cells, and the overall physiology of an organism. Action potential in a neuron, showing depolarization, in which the cell's internal charge becomes less negative (more positive), and repolarization, where the internal charge returns to a more negative value.
Different states of polarization correspond to different relationships between polarization and the direction of propagation. In linear polarization , the fields oscillate in a single direction. In circular or elliptical polarization , the fields rotate at a constant rate in a plane as the wave travels, either in the right-hand or in the left ...
This electrical polarization results from a complex interplay between protein structures embedded in the membrane called ion pumps and ion channels. In neurons, the types of ion channels in the membrane usually vary across different parts of the cell, giving the dendrites , axon , and cell body different electrical properties.
In electrodynamics, circular polarization of an electromagnetic wave is a polarization state in which, at each point, the electromagnetic field of the wave has a constant magnitude and is rotating at a constant rate in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the wave.
Its input polarization must be linear. Resulting output polarization is rotating linear polarization. Likewise, circular polarization can be depolarized with a rotating quarterwave plate. Output polarization is again linear. If a halfwave and a quarterwave plate are concatenated and rotate at different speeds, any input polarization is depolarized.
Photon polarization, the mathematical link between wave polarization and spin polarization; Vacuum polarization, a process in which a background electromagnetic field produces virtual electron-positron pairs; Polarization (cosmology), mechanisms for detecting astronomical polarization and the possible natural origins
A neuron receives signals from neighboring cells through branched, cellular extensions called dendrites.The neuron then propagates an electrical signal down a specialized axon extension from the basal pole to the synapse, where neurotransmitters are released to propagate the signal to another neuron or effector cell (e.g., muscle or gland).
Depolarization, a decrease in the absolute value of a cell's membrane potential; Depolarizer, a substance used to depolarize an electrochemical cell; Depolarization ratio, the intensity ratio between the parallel component and the perpendicular component of Raman scattered light; Depolarizer (optics), a device for randomizing the polarization ...