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The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) is a private American corporation that acts as a self-regulatory organization (SRO) that regulates member brokerage firms and exchange markets. FINRA is the successor to the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. ( NASD ) as well as to the member regulation, enforcement, and ...
The term is usually understood to include both federal and state-level regulation by governmental regulatory agencies, but sometimes may also encompass listing requirements of exchanges like the New York Stock Exchange and rules of self-regulatory organizations like the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA). [1]
Financial regulatory authorities include those in charge of bank supervision; of securities regulation, often referred to as securities commissions; of anti-money laundering supervision of financial firms; and of consumer protection in financial services, and more generally of enforcing "conduct-of-business" requirements, not to mention ...
Financial regulation is a broad set of policies that apply to the financial sector in most jurisdictions, justified by two main features of finance: systemic risk, which implies that the failure of financial firms involves public interest considerations; and information asymmetry, which justifies curbs on freedom of contract in selected areas of financial services, particularly those that ...
A landmark piece of wide-ranging legislation, the Act of '34 and related statutes form the basis of regulation of the financial markets and their participants in the United States. The 1934 Act also established the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), [2] the agency primarily responsible for enforcement of United States federal securities law.
[7] [8] Economist Paul Krugman, for instance, wrote in 2014 that the act was working, and praised the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau and the Act's creation of regulatory Ordinary Liquidation Authority (also called resolution authority), which allows regulators in a crisis situation to save "systemically important" banks and other ...
Financial and Consumer Services Commission of New Brunswick (FCNB) ; Financial Services Regulatory Authority of Ontario (FSRA) ; British Columbia Financial Services Authority (BCFSA) India: GIFT International Financial Services Centre: International Financial Services Centres Authority (IFSCA) Kazakhstan: Astana International Financial Centre
These agencies hold the most influence over how banks (and all public companies) are viewed by those engaged in the public market. Following the 2007–2008 financial crisis, many economists have argued that these agencies face a serious conflict of interest in their core business model. [13]