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The Arawak are a group of Indigenous peoples of northern South America and of the Caribbean.The term "Arawak" has been applied at various times to different Indigenous groups, from the Lokono of South America to the Taíno (Island Arawaks), who lived in the Greater Antilles and northern Lesser Antilles in the Caribbean.
The Caribbean Island of Jamaica was initially inhabited in approximately 600 AD or 650 AD by the Redware people, often associated with redware pottery. [1] [2] [3] By roughly 800 AD, a second wave of inhabitants occurred by the Arawak tribes, including the Tainos, prior to the arrival of Columbus in 1494. [1]
The White Marl Taino site is an archaeological site between Kingston and Spanish town of Jamaica. Several archaeological studies in Jamaica have contributed to public knowledge regarding Amerindians. Across the entire island, the Archaeological Society of Jamaica has conducted excavations and surveys of Arawak sites since 1965. [1]
Current evidence suggests there were two major migrations to the Caribbean. The first migration was of pre-Arawakan people like the Ciguayo who most likely migrated from Central America. The second major migration was the Arawaks settling the islands as they traveled north from the Orinoco River in Venezuela. [1]
The Taíno ("Taíno" means "peace"), [2] were peaceful seafaring people and distant relatives of the Arawak people of South America. [3] [1] Taíno society was divided into two classes: Nitaino (nobles) and the Naboria (commoners). Both were governed by chiefs known as caciques, who were the maximum authority in a Yucayeque (village).
Around 950 AD, the people of the Meillacan culture settled on both the coast and the interior of Jamaica, either absorbing the Ostionoid people or co-inhabiting the island with them. [1] The Arawak–Taíno culture developed on Jamaica around 1200 AD. [3] They brought from South America a system of raising yuca known as "conuco."
Taíno (Arawak) women preparing cassava bread in 1565: grating cassava/yuca roots into paste, shaping the bread, and cooking it on a fire-heated burén. Fried bammy in Jamaica. Bammy is a traditional Jamaican cassava flatbread descended from the simple flatbread eaten by the Arawaks, Jamaica's original inhabitants. It is produced in many rural ...
Archaeologists have determined that humans have been living in the Caribbean islands for nearly 6,000 years. [1] The first inhabitants were an ancient Arawak people who migrated from the lowland river basins of South America; since before European colonization, the islands had experienced several large migrations from the surrounding mainlands and within the archipelago. [1]