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The history of the Duchy of Parma and Piacenza, a former state on the Italian Peninsula whose capital was the city of Parma, begins in 1545 and ends in 1860.. The duchy was established due to nepotism practiced by Pope Paul III and was initially governed by the Farnese family, to which the pontiff belonged.
The Duchy would thus be inherited by his first son with Elisabeth, Infante Carlos of Spain, who reigned as Duke Charles I of Parma and Piacenza. He ruled his territories for four years until the end of the War of the Polish Succession , when, according to what was established in the Treaty of Vienna (1738) , he handed over both duchies to the ...
The Duke of Parma and Piacenza (Italian: duca di Parma e Piacenza) was the ruler of the Duchy of Parma and Piacenza, a historical state of Northern Italy. It was created by Pope Paul III (Alessandro Farnese) for his son Pier Luigi Farnese. [1] It existed between 1545 and 1802, and again from 1814 to 1859.
The House of Farnese (/ f ɑːr ˈ n eɪ z i,-z eɪ /, also US: /-eɪ s i /, [1] [2] Italian: [farˈneːze,-eːse]) was an influential family in Renaissance Italy.The titles of Duke of Parma and Piacenza, Duke of Latera and Duke of Castro were held by various members of the family.
On 8 December 1859, Parma, Modena and the Papal Legations were incorporated into the Royal Provinces of Emilia. After plebiscites were held during March 1860, and France was granted Nice and Savoy , the territory of the United Provinces of Central Italy was annexed formally to Piedmont-Sardinia , on 22 March 1860 following the resignation of ...
Duchy of Parma and Piacenza (under Habsburg Monarchy from 1734 to 1748, under House of Bourbon-Parma thereafter) Duchy of Guastalla (in personal union with Parma from 1748) Duchy of Modena and Reggio Political map of Italy in the year 1796; Duchy of Massa and Carrara (in personal union with Modena from 1731)
The Duchy of Parma was created in 1545 from that part of the Duchy of Milan south of the Po River, as a fief for Pope Paul III's illegitimate son, Pier Luigi Farnese, centered on the city of Parma. In 1556, the second Duke, Ottavio Farnese , was given the city of Piacenza , becoming thus also Duke of Piacenza , and so the state was thereafter ...
A French army came to protect Parma, the War of Parma broke out, and Gonzaga at once laid siege to the city. But the duke came to an arrangement with his father-in-law, by which he regained Piacenza and his other fiefs. The rest of his life was spent quietly at home, where the moderation and wisdom of his rule won for him the affection of his ...