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Cardiac output is a global blood flow parameter of interest in hemodynamics, the study of the flow of blood. The factors affecting stroke volume and heart rate also affect cardiac output. The figure at the right margin illustrates this dependency and lists some of these factors. A detailed hierarchical illustration is provided in a subsequent ...
Afterload is a determinant of cardiac output. [1] Cardiac output is the product of stroke volume and heart rate. [2] Afterload is a determinant of stroke volume (in addition to preload, and strength of myocardial contraction). [1]
Major Factors Influencing Cardiac Output - Cardiac output is influenced by heart rate and stroke volume, both of which are also variable. [1] SVs are also used to calculate ejection fraction, which is the portion of the blood that is pumped or ejected from the heart with each contraction. To calculate ejection fraction, SV is divided by EDV.
Cardiac output (= heart rate * stroke volume. Can also be calculated with Fick principle, palpating method.) Stroke volume (= end-diastolic volume − end-systolic volume) Ejection fraction (= stroke volume / end-diastolic volume) Cardiac output is mathematically ` to systole [clarification needed] Inotropic, chronotropic, and dromotropic states
Although the above relationship is true for the hemodynamic factors that determine the flow of blood from the veins back to the heart, it is important not to lose sight of the fact that blood flow through the entire systemic circulation represents both the cardiac output and the venous return, which are equal in the steady-state because the ...
The heart is the driver of the circulatory system, pumping blood through rhythmic contraction and relaxation. The rate of blood flow out of the heart (often expressed in L/min) is known as the cardiac output (CO). Blood being pumped out of the heart first enters the aorta, the largest artery of the body.
Along with end-diastolic volume, ESV determines the stroke volume, or output of blood by the heart during a single phase of the cardiac cycle. [1] The stroke volume is the difference between the end-diastolic volume and the end-systolic volume. The end-systolic values in the table below are for the left ventricle: [citation needed]
Therefore, using the assumed Fick determination, the approximated cardiac output for an average man (1.9 m3) is: Cardiac Output = (125 mL O 2 /minute × 1.9) / (200 mL O 2 /L − 150 mL O 2 /L) = 4.75 L/min. Cardiac output may also be estimated with the Fick principle using production of carbon dioxide as a marker substance. [3]
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