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Wildebeest migrating in the Serengeti. Migration, in ecology, is the large-scale movement of members of a species to a different environment.Migration is a natural behavior and component of the life cycle of many species of mobile organisms, not limited to animals, though animal migration is the best known type.
Migration is a recurring theme in much popular media, such as in Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's 2013 novel Americanah or in contemporary film such as Roma (2018), consequently, discussions on migration and the arts are some of the more publicly-visible avenues of scholarship in migration studies.
Animal migration; Bird migration; Plant migration, see Seed dispersal, the movement or transport of seeds away from the parent plant; Gene migration, a process in evolution and population genetics; Cell migration, a process in the development and maintenance of multicellular organisms Collective cell migration, describing the movements of group ...
Push and pull factors in migration according to Everett S. Lee (1917-2007) are categories that demographers use to analyze human migration from former areas to new host locations. Lee's model divides factors causing migrations into two groups of factors: push and pull.
Step migration is a popular phenomenon among the developing world as it is a strategy to overcome barriers to migration. [5] According to Paul, it is a necessary pattern as many of these migrants have low-capital and face high cost barriers and immigration policy restrictions which prevent them from migrating to their preferred destinations. [5]
Climate-induced migration is a highly complex issue which needs to be understood as part of global migration dynamics. Migration typically has multiple causes, and environmental factors are intertwined with other social and economic factors, which themselves can be influenced by environmental changes.
Student migration is the movement of students who study outside their country of birth or citizenship for a period of 12 months or more. [1] During the period of globalization , the internationalisation of higher education increased dramatically and it has become a market driven activity.
Population exchange is the transfer of two populations in opposite directions at about the same time. In theory at least, the exchange is non-forcible, but the reality of the effects of these exchanges has always been unequal, and at least one half of the so-called "exchange" has usually been forced by the stronger or richer participant.