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Non-reformist reform, also referred to as abolitionist reform, [1] anti-capitalist reform, [2] [3] [4] revolutionary reform, [5] [6] structural reform [7] [8] [9] and transformative reform, [10] [11] is a reform that "is conceived, not in terms of what is possible within the framework of a given system and administration, but in view of what should be made possible in terms of human needs and ...
Map of the empire following the Peace of Westphalia in 1648. The German-speaking states of the early modern period (c. 1500–1800) were divided politically and religiously. . Religious tensions between the states comprising the Holy Roman Empire had existed during the preceding period of the Late Middle Ages (c. 1250–1500), notably erupting in Bohemia with the Hussite Wars (1419–143
Map of the Kingdom of the Germans (regnum Teutonicorum) within the Holy Roman Empire, c. 1000The Kingdom of Germany or German Kingdom (Latin: regnum Teutonicorum 'kingdom of the Germans', regnum Teutonicum 'German kingdom', [1] regnum Alamanie "kingdom of Germany" [2], German: Deutsches Königreich) was the mostly Germanic language-speaking East Frankish kingdom, which was formed by the Treaty ...
From the 1680s to 1789, Germany comprised many small territories which were parts of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation.Prussia finally emerged as dominant. Meanwhile, the states developed a classical culture that found its greatest expression in the Enlightenment, with world class leaders such as philosophers Leibniz and Kant, writers such as Goethe and Schiller, and musicians Bach ...
In 1998–1999, Germany was one of the founding countries of the eurozone. Germany remains one of the economic powerhouses of Europe, contributing about 1/4 of the eurozone's annual gross domestic product. In the early 2010s, Germany played a critical role in trying to resolve the escalating euro crisis, especially concerning Greece and other ...
"A Prussian Officer's Quarters, 1830" (Cooper Hewitt Museum)Prussia underwent major social change between the mid-17th and mid-18th centuries as the nobility declined as the traditional aristocracy struggled to compete with the rising merchant class, which developed into a new Bourgeoisie middle class, while the emancipation of the serfs granted the rural peasantry land purchasing rights and ...
Lebensreform (German pronunciation: [ˈleːbn̩sˌʁeˈfɔʁm] ⓘ; "life-reform") is the German generic term for various social reform movements that started in the mid-19th century and originated in the German Empire and later spread to Switzerland.
The earliest Protestant constructions were in the 17th century, where the castles built along Germany's Middle Rhine were inhabited by Protestant archbishops, joined only by nobles and princes. [27] In the later centuries, separate church buildings were constructed along the Rhine region, due to controversial marriage laws that mandated ...