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Chemical formula of nitric oxide (NO) together with its molecular size (115 pm).. In medicine, exhaled nitric oxide (eNO - now commonly known as FeNO) can be measured in a breath test for asthma and other respiratory conditions characterized by airway inflammation.
Winters's formula, [1] named after R. W. Winters, [2] is a formula used to evaluate respiratory compensation when analyzing acid-base disorders in the presence of metabolic acidosis. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] It can be given as:
Pulmonary compliance is calculated using the following equation, where ΔV is the change in volume, and ΔP is the change in pleural pressure: = For example, if a patient inhales 500 mL of air from a spirometer with an intrapleural pressure before inspiration of −5 cm H 2 O and −10 cm H 2 O at the end of inspiration.
Pulmonary function testing has diagnostic and therapeutic roles and helps clinicians answer some general questions about patients with lung disease. PFTs are normally performed by a pulmonary function technologist, respiratory therapist, respiratory physiologist, physiotherapist, pulmonologist, or general practitioner.
Impulse oscillometry (IOS), also known as respiratory oscillometry, forced oscillatory technique (FOT), or just oscillometry, is a non-invasive lung function test that measures the mechanical properties of the respiratory system, particularly the upper and intrathoracic airways, lung tissue and chest wall, usually during the patient's tidal breathing (the way someone breathes when they are ...
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In kinesiology, the ventilatory threshold (VT1) refers to the point during exercise at which the volume of air breathed out (expiratory ventilation) starts to increase at an exponentially greater rate than VO 2 (breath-by-breath volume of oxygen (O 2)). [1]
The helium dilution technique is the way of measuring the functional residual capacity of the lungs (the volume left in the lungs after normal expiration).. This technique is a closed-circuit system where a spirometer is filled with a mixture of helium (He) and oxygen.