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Pilocytic astrocytoma (and its variant pilomyxoid astrocytoma) is a brain tumor that occurs most commonly in children and young adults (in the first 20 years of life). They usually arise in the cerebellum, near the brainstem, in the hypothalamic region, or the optic chiasm, but they may occur in any area where astrocytes are present, including the cerebral hemispheres and the spinal cord.
The most common brain tumor types in children (0–14) are: pilocytic astrocytoma, malignant glioma, medulloblastoma, neuronal and mixed neuronal-glial tumors, and ependymoma. [106] In children under 2, about 70% of brain tumors are medulloblastomas, ependymomas, and low-grade gliomas.
Medulloblastoma is the second-most frequent brain tumor in children after pilocytic astrocytoma [37] and the most common malignant brain tumor in children, comprising 14.5% of newly diagnosed brain tumors. [38] In adults, medulloblastoma is rare, comprising fewer than 2% of CNS malignancies. [39]
If you were to pick a case to illustrate the abrupt, random, frightening nature of brain tumors, it might be the experience of Maria Menounos. The 41-year-old TV personality discovered she had a ...
For children experiencing seizures, an EEG might be part of the diagnostic process (the goal being to record the brain's electrical activity in order to identify and localize seizure activity). Finally, a biopsy of the tumor, taken through a needle during a simple surgical procedure, helps to confirm the diagnosis.
Removal of tumor tissues helps decrease the pressure of the tumor on nearby parts of the brain. [17] The main goal of surgery is to remove as much as possible of the tumor mass while preserving normal brain function, and to relieve the symptoms caused by the tumor such as headache, nausea and vomiting. [18]
In Nevada last year, the number of brain abscesses in kids tripled — rising from an average of four to five a year to 18
The brain is susceptible to damage from conventional therapy. The brain has a limited capacity to repair itself. Many drugs cannot cross the blood–brain barrier to act on the tumor. Treatment of primary brain tumors consists of palliative (symptomatic) care and therapies intended to improve survival.