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Epictetus (/ ˌ ɛ p ɪ k ˈ t iː t ə s /, EH-pick-TEE-təss; [3] Ancient Greek: Ἐπίκτητος, Epíktētos; c. 50 – c. 135 AD) was a Greek Stoic philosopher. [4] [5] He was born into slavery at Hierapolis, Phrygia (present-day Pamukkale, in western Turkey) and lived in Rome until his banishment, when he went to Nicopolis in northwestern Greece, where he spent the rest of his life.
Stoicism considers all existence as cyclical, the cosmos as eternally self-creating and self-destroying (see also Eternal return). Stoicism does not posit a beginning or end to the Universe. [32] According to the Stoics, the logos was the active reason or anima mundi pervading and animating the entire Universe. It was conceived as material and ...
Download as PDF; Printable version ... or having a high capacity for a kind of stoic ... in distressed times and to maintain self-control and discipline. [8] [9 ...
Stoicism: A Very Short Introduction is a 2018 philosophy book by Brad Inwood. As part of the Very Short Introductions series published by Oxford University Press , it is aimed at the lay reader. Contents
After all, being stoic evokes thoughts of calm without emotion. However, Stoicism, the ancient school of thought, is really about self-control and discipline when the tough times come.
The regular classes involved reading and interpreting characteristic portions of Stoic philosophical works, [13] which, as well as ethics, must have included instruction in the logic and physics which were part of the Stoic system. [14] The Discourses instead record conversations which followed the formal instruction. [14]
The Paradoxa Stoicorum (English: Stoic Paradoxes) is a work by the academic skeptic philosopher Cicero in which he attempts to explain six famous Stoic sayings that appear to go against common understanding: (1) virtue is the sole good; (2) virtue is the sole requisite for happiness; (3) all good deeds are equally virtuous and all bad deeds equally vicious; (4) all fools are mad; (5) only the ...
These states of feeling are disturbances of mental health which upset the natural balance of the soul, and destroy its self-control. [6] They are harmful because they conflict with right reason. [7] The ideal Stoic would instead measure things at their real value, [6] and see that the passions are not natural. [8]