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Before World War II, the events of 1914–1918 were generally known as the Great War or simply the World War. [1] In August 1914, the magazine The Independent wrote "This is the Great War. It names itself". [2] In October 1914, the Canadian magazine Maclean's similarly wrote, "Some wars name themselves. This is the Great War."
The 'Age of Totalitarianism' included nearly all the infamous examples of genocide in modern history, headed by the Jewish Holocaust, but also comprising the mass murders and purges of the Communist world, other mass killings carried out by Nazi Germany and its allies, and also the Armenian Genocide of 1915.
Free City of Danzig established. [85] January 20 Politics: Irkutsk surrenders to the Bolsheviks. January 21 Politics: The Paris Peace Conference ends. February 7 Politics: Armistice between the Bolsheviks and the Czechoslovak Legion. The Czechoslovaks surrender the Russian gold reserves and Kolchak in return for free passage to Vladivostok.
1914–1918 Online: International Encyclopedia of the First World War is an international, English-language online encyclopedia of the First World War.Deemed the largest research network of its kind, it officially went online on 8 October 2014. [1]
More than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] More than 9 million combatants were killed , largely because of great technological advances in firepower without corresponding advances in mobility.
President Wilson asking Congress to declare war on Germany, 2 April 1917. The United States was a major supplier of war materials to the Allies but remained neutral in 1914, in large part due to domestic opposition. [7]
As soon as the war began, the major nations issued "color books" containing documents (mostly from July 1914) that helped justify their actions.A color book is a collection of diplomatic correspondence and other official documents published by a government for educational or political reasons, and to promote the government position on current or past events.
The Entente, in contrast to the Triple Alliance and the Franco-Russian Alliance, was not an alliance of mutual defence, and so in 1914 Britain felt free to make its own foreign policy decisions. As the British Foreign Office official Eyre Crowe minuted: "The fundamental fact of course is that the Entente is not an alliance. For purposes of ...