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Maltose (/ ˈ m ɔː l t oʊ s / [2] or / ˈ m ɔː l t oʊ z / [3]), also known as maltobiose or malt sugar, is a disaccharide formed from two units of glucose joined with an α(1→4) bond. In the isomer isomaltose , the two glucose molecules are joined with an α(1→6) bond.
Maltose may be produced by malting grain. Lactose is the only sugar that cannot be extracted from plants. It can only be found in milk, including human breast milk, and in some dairy products. A cheap source of sugar is corn syrup, industrially produced by converting corn starch into sugars, such as maltose, fructose and glucose.
In bacterial genetics, the mal regulon is a regulon - or group of genes under common regulation - associated with the catabolism of maltose and maltodextrins.The system is especially well characterized in the model organism Escherichia coli, where it is classically described as a group of ten genes in multiple operons whose expression is regulated by a single regulatory protein, malT.
3D Maltose structure: Date: 29 April 2007: Source: Own work: Author: Zippanova: SVG development . The SVG code is . This structural formula was created with Inkscape.
Hydrolysis of (1→4)-α-D-glucosidic linkages in polysaccharides so as to remove successive maltose units from the non-reducing ends of the chains This enzyme acts on starch , glycogen and related polysaccharides and oligosaccharides producing beta- maltose by an inversion.
Hydrolysis reaction of Maltose being broken at the 1-4 alpha-glucosidase linkage. The mechanism of all FamilyGH13 enzymes is to break a α-glucosidase linkage by hydrolyzing it. Maltase focuses on breaking apart maltose, a disaccharide that is a link between 2 units of glucose, at the α-(1->4) bond.
α-Amylase is an enzyme (EC 3.2.1.1; systematic name 4-α-D-glucan glucanohydrolase) that hydrolyses α bonds of large, α-linked polysaccharides, such as starch and glycogen, yielding shorter chains thereof, dextrins, and maltose, through the following biochemical process: [2]
In enzymology, a maltose synthase (EC 2.4.1.139) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction 2 alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + H 2 O ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } maltose + 2 phosphate Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate and H 2 O , whereas its two products are maltose and phosphate .