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Such vertebrae are found in the necks of birds and some turtles. [23] An example of procoelous vertebrae dissected from a rattlesnake. "Procoelous" vertebrae feature a spherical protrusion extending from the caudal end of the centrum of one vertebra that fits into a concave socket on the cranial end of the centrum of an adjacent vertebra. [24]
Vertebrates (/ ˈ v ɜːr t ə b r ɪ t s,-ˌ b r eɪ t s /) [3] are animals with a vertebral column (backbone or spine), and a cranium, or skull. The vertebral column surrounds and protects the spinal cord, while the cranium protects the brain. The vertebrates make up the subphylum Vertebrata with some 65,000 species, by far the largest ...
It is the largest class of vertebrates in existence today. Osteichthyes is divided into the ray-finned fish ( Actinopterygii ) and lobe-finned fish ( Sarcopterygii ). The oldest known fossils of bony fish are about 420 million years ago, which are also transitional fossils , showing a tooth pattern that is in between the tooth rows of sharks ...
It is the largest class of vertebrates in existence today, encompassing most aquatic vertebrates, as well as all semi-aquatic and terrestrial vertebrates. The group is divided into two main clades , the ray-finned fish ( Actinopterygii , which makes up the vast majority of extant fish) and the lobe-finned fish ( Sarcopterygii , which gave rise ...
Segmentation in biology is the division of some animal and plant body plans into a linear series of repetitive segments that may or may not be interconnected to each other. This article focuses on the segmentation of animal body plans, specifically using the examples of the taxa Arthropoda, Chordata, and Annelida. These three groups form ...
The lumbar vertebrae are located between the thoracic vertebrae and pelvis. They form the lower part of the back in humans, and the tail end of the back in quadrupeds. In humans, there are five lumbar vertebrae. The term is used to describe the anatomy of humans and quadrupeds, such as horses, pigs, or cattle.
Definition Etymologic memory aid; apophysis: Any of various processes or protuberances on a bone. apo-+ physis, "outward from the growth part; outgrowth" diaphysis: The long, relatively straight main body of a long bone; region of primary ossification. Also known as the shaft. dia-+ physis, "between the growth parts" epiphysis
The spinal column, also known as the vertebral column, spine or backbone, is the core part of the axial skeleton in vertebrate animals.The vertebral column is the defining and eponymous characteristic of the vertebrate endoskeleton, where the notochord (an elastic collagen-wrapped glycoprotein rod) found in all chordates has been replaced by a segmented series of mineralized irregular bones ...