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Aristotle says rhetoric is the counterpart (antistrophe) of dialectic. [1]: I.1.1–2 He explains the similarities between the two but fails to comment on the differences. Here he introduces the term enthymeme. [1]: I.1.3 Chapter Two Aristotle defines rhetoric as the ability in a particular case to see the available means of persuasion.
Aristotle was one of the first scholars to develop a rhetorical approach to genre. He divided the art of rhetoric into three genres: deliberative, forensic, and epideictic. [4] The deliberative genre of rhetoric involves speeches or writing meant to persuade an audience to take action.
Aristotle's treatise on rhetoric systematically describes civic rhetoric as a human art or skill (techne). It is more of an objective theory [clarification needed] than it is an interpretive theory with a rhetorical tradition. Aristotle's art of rhetoric emphasizes persuasion as the purpose of rhetoric.
Rhetorical criticism analyzes the symbolic artifacts of discourse—the words, phrases, images, gestures, performances, texts, films, etc. that people use to communicate. . Rhetorical analysis shows how the artifacts work, how well they work, and how the artifacts, as discourse, inform and instruct, entertain and arouse, and convince and persuade the audience; as such, discourse includes the ...
According to Aristotle and twentieth-century rhetoricians, experienced speakers begin the process of adopting a rhetorical stance with an analysis of the audience. Professional authors and speakers use their knowledge of the subject and establish credibility to help influence how their message is received. [11]
Aristotle's definition of rhetoric, "the faculty of observing, in any given case, the available means of persuasion", presupposes a distinction between an art (τέχνη, techne) of speech–making and a cognitively prior faculty of discovery. That is so because, before one argues a case, one must discover what is at issue.
Epideictic rhetoric or style is according to Aristotle most appropriate for material that is written or read. In the Art of Rhetoric, Aristotle stated that "The epideictic style is especially suited to written compositions; for its function is reading." (Book III, 12).
Aristotle first lists out five types of endoxa which one can beginning reasoning from: [8] the views of everyone; the views of the preponderant majority; the views of the recognized experts; the views of all the experts; the views of the most famous. Aristotle then defines three types of reasoning in an argument: