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Democratic centralism is the organisational principle of communist states and of most communist parties to reach dictatorship of the proletariat. In practice, democratic centralism means that political decisions reached by voting processes are binding upon all members of the political party .
Anarcho-communism is a libertarian theory of anarchism and communism which advocates the abolition of the state, private property, and capitalism in favor of common ownership of the means of production; [285] [286] direct democracy; and a horizontal network of voluntary associations and workers' councils with production and consumption based on ...
Adopting a left libertarian perspective, both the Left Communists and some factions in the Communist Party critiqued the decline of democratic institutions in Russia. [27] Internationally, some socialists decried Lenin's regime and denied that he was establishing socialism; in particular, they highlighted the lack of widespread political ...
Some of the contributions to communist theory that Stalin is particularly known for are the following: The theoretical work concerning nationalities as seen in Marxism and the National Question. [57] The notion of socialism in one country. [58] Marxism and Problems of Linguistics. [59]
The theory was perhaps first articulated by Bulgarian Communist Georgi Dimitrov. [3] Scholars have argued that the emergence of the theory acted as a way for the USSR to legitimize its establishment of Socialist States, as well as the method by which they would be established. For one, the USSR had to justify the creation of Soviet-aligned ...
Karl Marx, whose variety of communist theory is known as Marxism. In the 1840s, German philosopher and sociologist Karl Marx, who was living in England after fleeing the authorities in Prussia, where he was considered a political threat, began publishing books in which he outlined his theories for a variety of communism now known as Marxism.
Communism is a social system under which the free development of each is a condition for the free development of all. [30] In Vladimir Lenin's political theory, a classless society would be a society controlled by the direct producers, organized to produce according to socially managed goals. Such a society, Lenin suggested, would develop ...
For Hal Draper, revolutionary-democratic socialism is a type of socialism from below, writing in The Two Souls of Socialism that "the leading spokesman in the Second International of a revolutionary-democratic Socialism-from-Below was Rosa Luxemburg, who so emphatically put her faith and hope in the spontaneous struggle of a free working class ...