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Vitamin B 12 deficiency can be extremely serious and lead to megaloblastic anemia, nerve degeneration and irreversible neurological damage. [7] Vegetarians may get vitamin B 12 from eggs and dairy products (milk, cheese, etc.); [8] for some, this is adequate, while others may still remain B 12-deficient. [1]
Glucose deficiencies such as hypoglycaemia reduce available energy for the brain and impair all cognitive processes and performance. [ 8 ] [ 12 ] [ 13 ] Additionally, situations with high cognitive demand, such as learning a new task, increase brain glucose utilization, depleting blood glucose stores and initiating the need for supplementation.
Vitamin deficiencies may result in disease conditions: goiter, scurvy, osteoporosis, impaired immune system, disorders of cell metabolism, certain forms of cancer, symptoms of premature aging, and poor psychological health (including eating disorders), among many others. [81] Excess levels of some vitamins are also dangerous to health.
Vitamin B 12 deficiency is potentially extremely serious, leading to megaloblastic anemia (an undersupply of oxygen due to malformed red blood cells), [71] nerve degeneration and irreversible neurological damage. [72] Cases of severe vitamin B 12 deficiency have been reported in vegan adults, children [73] infants and toddlers. [74]
Nutritional anemia can be caused by a lack of iron, protein, vitamin B12, and other vitamins and minerals that are needed for the formation of hemoglobin. However, Iron deficiency anemia is the most common nutritional disorder. [7] Signs of anemia include cyanosis, jaundice, and easy bruising. [7]
Micronutrient undernutrition results from insufficient intake of vitamins and minerals. [26] Worldwide, deficiencies in iodine, Vitamin A, and iron are the most common. Children and pregnant women in low-income countries are at especially high risk for micronutrient deficiencies. [26] [50] Anemia is most commonly caused by iron deficiency, but ...
2. Vitamin B12. One of eight B-complex vitamins, vitamin B12 is found naturally in some types of fish, red meat and fortified foods.It plays a key role in central nervous system function, DNA ...
Mineral deficiency is a lack of the dietary minerals, the micronutrients that are needed for an organism's proper health. [1] The cause may be a poor diet , impaired uptake of the minerals that are consumed, or a dysfunction in the organism's use of the mineral after it is absorbed.