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Like many other medical conditions, obesity is the result of an interplay between environmental and genetic factors. [2] [3] Studies have identified variants in several genes that may contribute to weight gain and body fat distribution, although only in a few cases are genes the primary cause of obesity.
Fat mass and obesity-associated protein, also known as alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase FTO, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the FTO gene located on chromosome 16. As one homolog in the AlkB family proteins, it is the first messenger RNA (mRNA) demethylase that has been identified. [ 5 ]
Variations close to or in the SH2B1 gene have been found to associate with obesity in two very large genome wide association studies of body mass index (BMI). [13] [14] Furthermore, SH2B1 deletions are associated with severe early-onset obesity. [15]
As a result, subsequent mutations in this gene, albeit rare, have been linked to the development of early on-set obesity and insulin resistance. Variations within the gene and its expression are hypothesized to play a key role in the phenotype of individuals with metabolic disease , alongside leptin -deficiency induced hyperphagia .
Obesity BMI. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute defines obesity as a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or more. BMI is a measurement of body fat based on a person’s height and weight. An ...
A new study published Friday in the journal, JAMA Health Forum, found that obesity numbers ticked down slightly from 46% in 2022 to 45.6% in 2023. While only a slight decline, this is the first ...
The obesity rate among U.S. adults fell in 2023 for the first time in over a decade, according to a new study released on Friday. The study published in the journal JAMA Health Forum found that ...
The list of organisms by chromosome count describes ploidy or numbers of chromosomes in the cells of various plants, animals, protists, and other living organisms. This number, along with the visual appearance of the chromosome, is known as the karyotype , [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] and can be found by looking at the chromosomes through a microscope .