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Hypoprothrombinemia is a rare blood disorder in which a deficiency in immunoreactive prothrombin (Factor II), produced in the liver, results in an impaired blood clotting reaction, leading to an increased physiological risk for spontaneous bleeding.
Antiphospholipid syndrome is known for causing arterial or venous blood clots, in any organ system, and pregnancy-related complications.While blood clots and pregnancy complications are the most common and diagnostic symptoms associated with APS, other organs and body parts may be affected like platelet levels, heart, kidneys, brain, and skin.
Pregnancy itself is a factor of hypercoagulability (pregnancy-induced hypercoagulability), as a physiologically adaptive mechanism to prevent post partum bleeding. [1] However, when combined with an additional underlying hypercoagulable states, the risk of thrombosis or embolism may become substantial.
Rh disease (also known as rhesus isoimmunization, Rh (D) disease, or rhesus incompatibility, and blue baby disease) is a type of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN). HDFN due to anti-D antibodies is the proper and currently used name for this disease as the Rh blood group system actually has more than 50 antigens and not only the ...
Thrombin: a bleeding disorder occurs when there is a failure of clotting, such as with diseases known as coagulopathies. Other risk factors include endometriosis, [14] obesity, fever during pregnancy, bleeding before delivery, and heart disease. [8]
Blood group determines thrombosis risk to a significant extent. Those with blood groups other than type O are at a 2- to 4-fold relative risk. O blood group is associated with reduced levels of von Willebrand factor — because of increased clearance — and factor VIII, which is related to thrombotic risk . [5]
After labor it is the contraction of these muscles that physically squeeze the blood vessels so that hemostasis can occur after the delivery of the fetus and the placenta. [1] Local hemostatic factors like tissue factor type-1 plasminogen activator inhibitor and platelets and clotting factors aid in stopping the blood flow. [1] [7]
A 2006 meta-analysis showed only a 1.3-fold increased risk for coronary disease. [6] Deficiencies in the anticoagulants Protein C and Protein S further increase the risk five- to tenfold. [2] Behind non-O blood type [7] and factor V Leiden, prothrombin G20210A is one of the most common genetic risk factors for venous thromboembolism. [4]