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Shoelace scheme for determining the area of a polygon with point coordinates (,),..., (,). The shoelace formula, also known as Gauss's area formula and the surveyor's formula, [1] is a mathematical algorithm to determine the area of a simple polygon whose vertices are described by their Cartesian coordinates in the plane. [2]
Quantity is a property that can exist as a magnitude or multitude. For example 1200 mm or 10 each. Quantity surveyor (QS) is a professional working within the construction industry concerned with building costs, in the U.K. and some other areas. A QS employs standard methods of measurement to develop a bill of quantities.
A bill of quantities is a document used in tendering in the construction industry in which materials, parts, and labor (and their costs) are itemized.It also (ideally) details the terms and conditions of the construction or repair contract and itemizes all work to enable a contractor to price the work for which he or she is bidding.
A building estimator or cost estimator is an individual that quantifies the materials, labor, and equipment needed to complete a construction project. Building cost estimating can concern diverse forms of construction from residential properties to hi-rise and civil works.
Skills and knowledge of cost engineers are similar to those of quantity surveyors. In many industries, cost engineering is synonymous with project controls. As the title "engineer" has legal requirements in many jurisdictions (e.g. Canada, [3] Texas [not verified in body]), the cost engineering discipline is often renamed to project controls. [4]
In surveying, free stationing (also known as resection) is a method of determining a location of one unknown point in relation to known points. [1] There is a zero point of reference called a total station .
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With BIM quantity take-off can be conducted almost automatically given that the type of materials, their quantity and price is included in the model. [2] It is known that construction projects often run overtime and over budget and one of the reasons is lack of accuracy in quantity takeoff and estimates.