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An ICD is the umbrella document over the system interfaces; examples of what these interface specifications should describe include: The inputs and outputs of a single system, documented in individual SIRS (Software Interface Requirements Specifications) and HIRS (Hardware Interface Requirements Specifications) documents, would fall under "The Wikipedia Interface Control Document".
The systems, A and B, both make use of the same protocol suite. The vertical flows (and protocols) are in-system and the horizontal message flows (and protocols) are between systems. The message flows are governed by rules, and data formats specified by protocols. The blue lines mark the boundaries of the (horizontal) protocol layers.
The message is sent through a channel to a receiver who has to decode it to understand it. The main field of inquiry investigating communication is called communication studies. A common way to classify communication is by whether information is exchanged between humans, members of other species, or non-living entities such as computers.
In interpersonal communication, an I-message or I-statement is an assertion about the feelings, beliefs, values, etc. of the person speaking, generally expressed as a sentence beginning with the word I, and is contrasted with a "you-message" or "you-statement", which often begins with the word you and focuses on the person spoken to.
In communication between humans, messages can be verbal or nonverbal: A verbal message is an exchange of information using words. Examples include face-to-face communication, telephone calls, voicemails, emails, etc. A nonverbal message is communicated through actions or behaviors rather than words, such as conscious or unconscious body language.
The message is then perceived and interpreted by the audience, labeled in the diagram as M₂. [138] The relation between message and reality is of central importance to Gerbner. [133] [131] [132] For this reason, his model includes two dimensions. The horizontal dimension corresponds to the relation between communicator and event.
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An Internet forum, board, is an online discussion site where people can hold conversations in the form of posted messages. [1] They differ from chat rooms in that messages are often longer than one line of text, and are at least temporarily archived. Also, depending on the access level of a user or the forum set-up, a posted message might need ...