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  2. Fission–fusion society - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fission–fusion_society

    Permanent social networks consist of all individual members of a faunal community and often varies to track changes in their environment and based on individual animal dynamics. In a fission–fusion society, the main parent group can fracture (fission) into smaller stable subgroups or individuals to adapt to environmental or social circumstances.

  3. Collective animal behavior - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collective_animal_behavior

    Collective animal behaviour is a form of social behavior involving the coordinated behavior of large groups of similar animals as well as emergent properties of these groups. This can include the costs and benefits of group membership, the transfer of information, decision-making process, locomotion and synchronization of the group.

  4. Mutualism (biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutualism_(biology)

    The term "species group" can be used to describe the manner in which individual organisms group together. In this non-taxonomic context one can refer to "same-species groups" and "mixed-species groups." While same-species groups are the norm, examples of mixed-species groups abound.

  5. Cooperation (evolution) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooperation_(evolution)

    In evolution, cooperation is the process where groups of organisms work or act together for common or mutual benefits. It is commonly defined as any adaptation that has evolved, at least in part, to increase the reproductive success of the actor's social partners. [1]

  6. Group living - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_living

    This is because many species of animals who spend a majority of their life alone, at some point in their life, will join a group or engage in social behavior. [7] Some examples of this happens during mating, parental care of their offspring, or even aggregations of conspecifics to an area to exploit resources of food or shelter. [2]

  7. Flock (birds) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flock_(birds)

    Group of black-capped chickadees feeding at a bird feeder. Bird species living in a flock may capture prey, likely injured, from an unsuccessful bird within its flock. [ 2 ] This behavior is known as the beater effect and is one of the benefits of birds foraging in a flock with other birds.

  8. Swarm behaviour - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swarm_behaviour

    Swarm behaviour, or swarming, is a collective behaviour exhibited by entities, particularly animals, of similar size which aggregate together, perhaps milling about the same spot or perhaps moving en masse or migrating in some direction. It is a highly interdisciplinary topic. [1]

  9. Herd - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herd

    A herd is a social group of certain animals of the same species, either wild or domestic. The form of collective animal behavior associated with this is called herding. These animals are known as gregarious animals. The term herd is generally applied to mammals, and most particularly to the grazing ungulates that classically display this behaviour.