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In the 1953 edition of Railway Engineering William H. Hay says "The ruling grade may be defined as the maximum gradient over which a tonnage train can be hauled with one locomotive....The ruling grade does not necessarily have the maximum gradient on the division. Momentum grades, pusher grades, or those that must regularly be doubled by ...
These include simple rail adhesion, rack railways and cable inclines (including rail mounted water tanks to carry barges). To help with braking on the descent, a non-load-bearing "brake rail" located between the running rails can be used, similar to the rail used in the Fell system, e.g. by the Snaefell Mountain Railway on the Isle of Man.
The ruling gradient of a section of railway line between two major stations is the gradient of the steepest stretch. The ruling gradient governs the tonnage of the load that the locomotive can haul reliably.
Fitted with Fell center rail but was not used for motive power, but only braking; 3.6% (1 in 27) – Ecclesbourne Valley Railway, Heritage Line, Wirksworth, Derbyshire, UK; 3.6% (1 in 28) – The Westmere Bank, New Zealand has a ruling gradient of 1 in 35, however peaks at 1 in 28; 3.33% (1 in 30) – Umgeni Steam Railway, South Africa [24]
The Camden railway line is a closed railway line between Campbelltown and Camden in the southwestern ... Due to the steepness of the ruling gradient of 1 in 19 ...
The ruling gradient here is 1 in 37 which requires the use of bankers. Earlier the Gooty shed's WDM-3A and WDG-3A class ALCO-locomotives were used as triplets, and since 2000, the new modern EMD 710 based WDG-4 locomotives of Hubli shed came into use, still as triplets.
The gradient fell at 1 in 60 for some distance, then rising at a ruling gradient of 1 in 86 to Calne. Originally the line was operated under "one engine in steam" arrangements, but in the 20th century the electric train token system was used, with a signal box at Calne; this closed on 2 November 1964 when freight working was discontinued, and ...
The Wansbeck Railway was a single-track railway line in ... The line climbed from Morpeth on a ruling gradient at 1 in 62 to a summit between Knowesgate and Woodburn ...