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Colombia, [b] officially the Republic of Colombia, [c] is a country primarily located in South America with insular regions in North America.The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuela to the east and northeast, Brazil to the southeast, Ecuador and Peru to the south and southwest, the Pacific Ocean to the west, and Panama to the northwest.
Colombia maintained a tradition of civilian government and regular, free elections. The military has seized power three times in Colombia's history: in 1830, after the dissolution of Great Colombia; again in 1854 (by General José María Melo); and from 1953 to 1957 (under General Gustavo Rojas Pinilla). Civilian rule was restored within one ...
Gran Colombia (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈɡɾaŋ koˈlombja] ⓘ, "Great Colombia"), also known as Greater Colombia and officially the Republic of Colombia (Spanish: República de Colombia), was a state that encompassed much of northern South America and part of southern North America (aka southern Central America) from 1819 to 1831.
The city was founded in 1535 under the name City of the Kings (Spanish: Ciudad de los Reyes) because its foundation was decided on January 6, date of the feast of the Epiphany. Nevertheless, this name quickly fell into disuse and Lima became the city's name of choice; on the oldest Spanish maps of Peru, both Lima and Ciudad de los Reyes can be ...
The Muisca were predominantly farmers and traders and formed a dispersed population occupying numerous small villages and settlements with wooden and clay houses, called bohíos by the Spanish. The iraca of sacred City of the Sun Sugamuxi was the principal religious leader. Other rulers were Tundama in the city of the same name, now called ...
The present city—named after Cartagena, Spain and by extension, the historic city of Carthage—was founded on 1 June 1533, making it one of South America’s oldest colonial cities; [8] but settlement by various indigenous people in the region around Cartagena Bay dates from 4000 BC.
On July 29, 1525, the city of Santa Marta was founded in the northern coast of Colombia by the Spanish conqueror Rodrigo de Bastidas. In April 1536 the Spanish conquistador Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada led the main expedition into the heart of the Andes , where the Muisca Confederation was located, with around 800 Spanish soldiers and 85 horses.
Nariño (Spanish pronunciation:) is a department of Colombia named after independence leader Antonio Nariño.Its capital is Pasto.It is in the west of the country, bordering Ecuador and the Pacific Ocean.