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Video random-access memory (VRAM) is dedicated computer memory used to store the pixels and other graphics data as a framebuffer to be rendered on a computer monitor. [1] It often uses a different technology than other computer memory, in order to be read quickly for display on a screen.
Dual-ported video RAM (VRAM) is a dual-ported variant of dynamic RAM (DRAM), which was once commonly used to store the framebuffer in graphics adapters. Dual-ported RAM allows the CPU to read and write data to memory as if it were a conventional DRAM chip, while adding a second port that reads out data.
Graphics Double Data Rate 7 Synchronous Dynamic Random-Access Memory (GDDR7 SDRAM) is a type of synchronous graphics random-access memory (SGRAM) specified by the JEDEC Semiconductor Memory Standard, with a high bandwidth, "double data rate" interface, designed for use in graphics cards, game consoles, and high-performance computing.
Graphics DDR SDRAM (GDDR SDRAM) is a type of synchronous dynamic random-access memory (SDRAM) specifically designed for applications requiring high bandwidth, [1] e.g. graphics processing units (GPUs).
GDDR5 also uses 8-bit wide prefetch buffers similar to GDDR4 and DDR3 SDRAM. GDDR5 SGRAM conforms to the standards which were set out in the GDDR5 specification by the JEDEC. SGRAM is single-ported. However, it can open two memory pages at once, which simulates the dual-port nature of other VRAM technologies.
On April 9, 2018, Apple introduced an iPhone 8 with a red color finish and a black front, in support of their partnership with Product Red and their AIDS fundraising campaign. [16] In November 2018, just over a year from initial release, Apple started selling refurbished iPhone 8 models starting at $499. [17] The price was lowered to US$319. [18]
The higher bandwidth used by 80-column text mode results in random short horizontal lines appearing onscreen (known as "snow") if a program writes directly to video memory during screen drawing. The BIOS avoids the problem by only accessing the memory during horizontal retrace, or by temporarily turning off the output during scrolling.
At Hot Chips 2016, Samsung announced GDDR6 as the successor of GDDR5X. [5] [6] Samsung later announced that the first products would be 16 Gbit/s, 1.35 V chips.[7] [8] In January 2018, Samsung began mass production of 16 Gb (2 GB) GDDR6 chips, fabricated on a 10 nm class process and with a data rate of up to 18 Gbit/s per pin.