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Government standards state that citizen's health is the result of multiple variables, including employment, income, access to land, sanitation services, access and quality of health services, education, psychic, social and family conditions, and are entitled to full and complete health care, comprising prevention, treatment and rehabilitation.
The Canada Health Act of 1984 "does not directly bar private delivery or private insurance for publicly insured services", but provides financial disincentives for doing so. "Although there are laws prohibiting or curtailing private health care in some provinces, they can be changed", according to a report in the New England Journal of Medicine.
Social medicine is a vast and evolving field, and its scope can cover a wide range of topics that touch on the intersection of society and health. The scope of social medicine includes: Social Determinants of Health: Investigation of how factors like income, education, employment, race, gender, housing, and social support impact health outcomes.
In 2007, Gordon H. Guyatt et al. conducted a meta-analysis, or systematic review, of all studies that compared health outcomes for similar conditions in Canada and the U.S., in Open Medicine, an open-access peer-reviewed Canadian medical journal. They concluded, "Available studies suggest that health outcomes may be superior in patients cared ...
Chronic stress, which is experienced more frequently by those living with adverse social and economic conditions, has been linked to poor health outcomes. [5] Various interventions have been made to improve health conditions worldwide, although measuring the efficacy of such interventions is difficult. [6]
The Canada Health Act covers the services of psychiatrists, medical doctors with additional training in psychiatry. In Canada, psychiatrists tend to focus on the treatment of mental illness with medication. [66] However, the Canada Health Act excludes care provided in a "hospital or institution primarily for the mentally disordered."
The World Health Organization's Commission on Social Determinants of Health reported in 2008 that the SDOH factors were responsible for the bulk of diseases and injuries, and that these were the major causes of health inequities in all countries. [3] In the US, SDOH were estimated to account for 70% of avoidable mortality. [4]
Examples of diseases of affluence include mostly chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and other physical health conditions for which personal lifestyles and societal conditions associated with economic development are believed to be an important risk factor—such as type 2 diabetes, asthma, coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease ...