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The Future of English? A guide to forecasting the popularity of the English language in the 21st century. London: British Council. Available for free from the website of the British Council. Graddol, David (1999). The decline of the native speaker. In Graddol, David/Meinhof, Ulrike (eds). English in a Changing World. AILA Review 13, 57–68.
Modern English, sometimes called New English (NE) [2] or present-day English (PDE) as opposed to Middle and Old English, is the form of the English language that has been spoken since the Great Vowel Shift in England, which began in the late 14th century and was completed by the 17th century.
Modern English spelling developed from about 1350 onwards, when—after three centuries of Norman French rule—English gradually became the official language of England again, although very different from before 1066, having incorporated many words of French origin (battle, beef, button, etc.).
Wordsmiths and Warriors: The English-Language Tourist's Guide to Britain. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0198729136. John McWhorter (2017). Words on the Move: Why English Won't - and Can't - Sit Still (Like, Literally). Picador. ISBN 978-1250143785. Hejná, Míša & Walkden, George. 2022. A history of English. (Textbooks in Language Sciences 9).
English is also widely used in media and literature, and the number of English language books published annually in India is the third largest in the world after the US and UK. [126] However, English is rarely spoken as a first language, numbering only around a couple hundred-thousand people, and less than 5% of the population speak fluent ...
The Turkish language has become more open to English influences due to Turkey's Westernisation in the early 20th century and adoption of the Latin alphabet. [ 39 ] Because English is among the most common languages in Israel, it has also influenced Modern Hebrew , [ 40 ] though it has less presence in the Arab areas. [ 41 ]
Language Type Spoken in Numbers of speakers in the UK English: Germanic (West Germanic) : Throughout the United Kingdom UK (2021 data): 91.1% (52.6 million) of usual residents, aged three years and over, had English (English or Welsh in Wales) as a main language (down from 92.3%, or 49.8 million, in 2011) [22]
The Society was known as the Queen's English Society from its foundation, until the Society resolved to change its name in September 2024. [ 2 ] In June 2012 the Society had announced its closure because of declining participation, [ 3 ] [ 4 ] but it continued to exist, as volunteers filled the committee in September 2012.