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  2. Sensory neuron - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensory_neuron

    These neurons contain receptors, called olfactory receptors, that are activated by odor molecules in the air. The molecules in the air are detected by enlarged cilia and microvilli. [5] These sensory neurons produce action potentials. Their axons form the olfactory nerve, and they synapse directly onto neurons in the cerebral cortex (olfactory ...

  3. Axon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axon

    The dysfunction of axons in the nervous system is one of the major causes of many inherited and acquired neurological disorders that affect both peripheral and central neurons. [5] When an axon is crushed, an active process of axonal degeneration takes place at the part of the axon furthest from the cell body. This degeneration takes place ...

  4. Sensory nervous system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensory_nervous_system

    The sensory nervous system is a part of the nervous system responsible for processing sensory information. A sensory system consists of sensory neurons (including the sensory receptor cells), neural pathways , and parts of the brain involved in sensory perception and interoception .

  5. Neuron - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuron

    In vertebrates, the majority of neurons belong to the central nervous system, but some reside in peripheral ganglia, and many sensory neurons are situated in sensory organs such as the retina and cochlea. Axons may bundle into nerve fascicles that make up the nerves in the peripheral nervous system (like strands of wire that make up a cable).

  6. Afferent nerve fiber - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afferent_nerve_fiber

    Afferent neurons are pseudounipolar neurons that have a single process leaving the cell body dividing into two branches: the long one towards the sensory organ, and the short one toward the central nervous system (e.g. spinal cord). These cells do have sensory afferent dendrites, similar to those typically inherent in neurons. [1]

  7. Nervous system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nervous_system

    The somatic part consists of the nerves that innervate the skin, joints, and muscles. The cell bodies of somatic sensory neurons lie in dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord. The visceral part, also known as the autonomic nervous system, contains neurons that innervate the internal organs, blood vessels, and glands.

  8. Somatic nervous system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somatic_nervous_system

    With each segment, there is a pair of sensory and motor nerves. 31 segments of nerves are in the spinal cord and 12 are in the brain stem. [4] Interneurons also known as association neurons are present throughout the central nervous system forming links between the sensory and motor fibres. [5] Thus the somatic nervous system consists of two parts:

  9. Olfactory receptor neuron - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olfactory_receptor_neuron

    The axons of OSNs expressing the same odorant receptors converge onto the same glomerulus at the olfactory bulb, allowing for the organization of olfactory information. An olfactory receptor neuron (ORN), also called an olfactory sensory neuron (OSN), is a sensory neuron within the olfactory system .