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World map of colonization at the end of the Second World War in 1945 Although the U.S. had first opposed itself to colonial empires, the Cold War concerns about Soviet influence in the Third World caused it to downplay its advocacy of popular sovereignty and decolonization.
Portugal began establishing the first global trade network and one of the first colonial empires [6] [7] under the leadership of Henry the Navigator.The empire spread throughout a vast number of territories distributed across the globe (especially at one time in the 16th century) that are now parts of 60 different sovereign states.
1946–1954: First Indochina War. 1947: Official start of the Cold War (see Cold War (1947-1953) and Cold War (1953-1962)). 1947: Independence of India and of Pakistan (Pakistan came into being on August 14, and India on August 15). [6] 1947: UN Resolution 181 on the partition of Palestine in favor of a Two-state solution.
The Harmsworth atlas and Gazetter 1908 European colonization map. The world's colonial population at the outbreak of the First World War (1914) – a high point for colonialism – totalled about 560 million people, of whom 70% lived in British possessions, 10% in French possessions, 9% in Dutch possessions, 4% in Japanese possessions, 2% in ...
The period following World War I was somewhat parallel, since it involved the breakup of the colonial empires previously held by the nations which were the losing side in that conflict. However, the period after 1945 was highly notable and arguably unique, since it involved the breakup of colonial possessions of virtually all European powers ...
Germany lost control of most of its colonial empire at the beginning of the First World War in 1914, but some German forces held out in German East Africa until the end of the war. After the German defeat in World War I, Germany's colonial empire was officially confiscated as part of the Treaty of Versailles between the Allies and German Weimar ...
In terms of population, on the eve of World War II, Britain and her colonial possessions totaled 500 million inhabitants. The British Empire had an enormous impact on world history. The United Kingdom had about 120 colonies throughout its history, the most colonies in the world, the French colonial empire came second, which had about 80 ...
The main period of decolonisation in Africa began after World War II. Growing independence movements, indigenous political parties and trade unions coupled with pressure from within the imperialist powers and from the United States and the Soviet Union ensured the decolonisation of the majority of the continent by 1980.