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The slave codes were laws relating to slavery and enslaved people, specifically regarding the Atlantic slave trade and chattel slavery in the Americas. Most slave codes were concerned with the rights and duties of free people in regards to enslaved people.
The Black Codes, sometimes called the Black Laws, were laws which governed the conduct of African Americans (both free and freedmen).In 1832, James Kent wrote that "in most of the United States, there is a distinction in respect to political privileges, between free white persons and free colored persons of African blood; and in no part of the country do the latter, in point of fact ...
These codes effectively embedded the idea of slavery into law by the following devices: [4] These codes: established new property rights for slave owners, allowed for the legal, free trade of slaves with protections granted by the courts, established separate courts of trial, prohibited slaves from going armed without written permission, [5] [6 ...
This is a glossary of American slavery, terminology specific to the cultural, economic, and political history of slavery in the United States Acclimated : Enslaved people with acquired immunity to infectious diseases such as cholera , smallpox , yellow fever , etc. [ 1 ]
Throughout British North America, slavery evolved in practice before it was codified into law. The Barbados slave code of 1661 marked the beginning of the legal codification of slavery. According to historian Russell Menard, "Since Barbados was the first English colony to write a comprehensive slave code, its code was especially influential." [13]
During the late 17th century and early 18th century, harsh new slave codes limited the rights of African slaves and cut off their avenues to freedom. The first full-scale slave code in British North America was South Carolina's (1696), which was modeled on the colonial Barbados slave code of 1661. It was updated and expanded regularly ...
Slaves who attempted to escape their bondage and were caught were punished publicly; punishments included execution and physical disfigurement. White Virginians who helped black people violate the codes were also punished. Other control tactics were incentives, religion, the legal system, and intimidation. [27]
Black Codes were part of a larger pattern of Southern whites trying to suppress the new freedom of emancipated African American slaves, the freedmen. In the first two years after the Civil War, white dominated southern legislatures passed Black Codes modeled after the earlier slave codes.