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Some scholars refer to the early hypostyle mosque with courtyard as the "Arab plan" or "Arab-type" mosque. [ 69 ] [ 10 ] Such mosques were constructed mostly under the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties; subsequently, however, the simplicity of this type of plan limited the opportunities for further development, and as a result, these mosques ...
The interior plan of the mosque is a simple square room, 24.5 metres (80 ft) on each side, covered by a shallow dome 32.5 metres (107 ft) in height. [4] As with the Hagia Sophia, the dome is much shallower than a full hemisphere. The windows are decorated with lunette panels of polychrome cuerda seca tiles.
Over the centuries, these structures have incorporated various architectural styles, ranging from the simple, modest structures of early Islam to the grand, ornate designs seen in the Ottoman, Persian, and Mughal empires. [2] In the 20th century, with the global spread of Modernist architecture, the design of mosques also began to change.
The archetypal Bosnian mosque has a simple square plan crowned by a cupola and entered by means of a small porch. The White Mosque's plan conforms to the archetype, but its roof is a freely deformed quarter of a cupola, pierced by five skylights, themselves composed of segments of quarter cupolas. The effect is one of confrontation between the ...
The roof may be constructed with bridging lintels of stone, wood or other rigid material such as cast iron, steel or reinforced concrete. There may be a ceiling. The columns may be all the same height or, as in the case of the Great Hypostyle Hall at Karnak, the columns flanking the central space may be of greater height rather than those of the side aisles, allowing openings in the wall above ...
The complex contained a Friday mosque, a soup-kitchen , a madrasa, an elementary school and a hospital . [2] The large complex was built in several stages on either side of a narrow street. The mosque was completed in 1538–39 ( AH 945), the madrasa was completed a year later in 1539–40 (AH 946) and the soup-kitchen in 1540–41 (AH 947).
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Current plan of the Great Mosque of Kairouan. Under the rule of the Aghlabid dynasty, Kairouan was at its apogee, and the mosque profited from this period of stability and prosperity. In 836, Emir Ziyadat Allah I reconstructed the mosque once more: [21] this is when the building acquired, at least in its entirety, its current appearance.