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  2. Hydrochloric acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrochloric_acid

    Hydrochloric acid, also known as muriatic acid or spirits of salt, is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl). It is a colorless solution with a distinctive pungent smell. It is classified as a strong acid. It is a component of the gastric acid in the digestive systems of most animal species, including humans.

  3. Aqua regia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqua_regia

    Upon mixing of concentrated hydrochloric acid and concentrated nitric acid, chemical reactions occur. These reactions result in the volatile products nitrosyl chloride and chlorine gas: HNO 3 + 3 HCl → NOCl + Cl 2 + 2 H 2 O. as evidenced by the fuming nature and characteristic yellow color of aqua regia.

  4. Hydrogen chloride - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_chloride

    Small amounts of hydrogen chloride for laboratory use can be generated in an HCl generator by dehydrating hydrochloric acid with either sulfuric acid or anhydrous calcium chloride. Alternatively, HCl can be generated by the reaction of sulfuric acid with sodium chloride: [17] NaCl + H 2 SO 4 → NaHSO 4 + HCl↑. This reaction occurs at room ...

  5. Flame test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flame_test

    A flame test involves introducing a sample of the element or compound to a hot, non-luminous flame and observing the color of the flame that results. [4] The compound can be made into a paste with concentrated hydrochloric acid, as metal halides, being volatile, give better results. [5] Different flames can be tried to verify the accuracy of ...

  6. Tin(II) chloride - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tin(II)_chloride

    A solution of tin(II) chloride containing a little hydrochloric acid is used for the tin-plating of steel, in order to make tin cans. An electric potential is applied, and tin metal is formed at the cathode via electrolysis. Tin(II) chloride is used as a mordant in textile dyeing because it gives brighter colours with some dyes e.g. cochineal ...

  7. Duquenois–Levine reagent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duquenois–Levine_reagent

    Any color that transfers into the organic layer is recorded. Marijuana (as well as a variety of other plant substances) becomes purple with the addition of the Duquenois reagent and hydrochloric acid. Upon addition of the organic solvent, the purple color transfers to the organic layer, indicating that cannabinoids may be present.

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  9. Nitrosyl chloride - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrosyl_chloride

    It is a yellow gas that is commonly encountered as a component of aqua regia, a mixture of 3 parts concentrated hydrochloric acid and 1 part of concentrated nitric acid. It is a strong electrophile and oxidizing agent. It is sometimes called Tilden's reagent, after William A. Tilden, who was the first to produce it as a pure compound. [1]

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