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A traumatic brain injury (TBI), also known as an intracranial injury, is an injury to the brain caused by an external force. TBI can be classified based on severity ranging from mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI/concussion) to severe traumatic brain injury. [ 5 ]
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a type of brain damage that has been found in 345 of 376 deceased former National Football League (NFL) players, according to a 2023 report by the Boston University CTE Center, which has led the effort to diagnose CTE cases.
A sports-related traumatic brain injury is a serious accident which may lead to significant morbidity or mortality.Traumatic brain injury (TBI) in sports are usually a result of physical contact with another person or stationary object, [1] These sports may include boxing, gridiron football, field/ice hockey, lacrosse, martial arts, rugby, soccer, wrestling, auto racing, cycling, equestrian ...
Acquired brain injury (ABI), traumatic brain injury (TBI), focal or diffuse, primary and secondary Brain injury ( BI ) is the destruction or degeneration of brain cells . Brain injuries occur due to a wide range of internal and external factors.
The Glasgow Coma Scale is commonly used to assess the severity of traumatic brain injuries, including closed-head injuries. The scale tests a patient's eye, verbal, and motor responses. The scale goes up to fifteen points; with fifteen being the most mild injury, less than eight being a severe brain injury, and three being a vegetative state. [12]
Prognosis, or the likely progress of a disorder, depends on the nature, location, and cause of the brain damage (see Traumatic brain injury, Focal and diffuse brain injury, Primary and secondary brain injury). In children with uncomplicated minor head injuries the risk of intracranial bleeding over the next year is rare at 2 cases per 1 million ...
The terms mild brain injury, mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), mild head injury (MHI), and concussion may be used interchangeably; [143] [88] although the term "concussion" is still used in sports literature as interchangeable with "MHI" or "mTBI", the general clinical medical literature uses "mTBI" instead, since a 2003 CDC report outlined ...
Blunt multisystem injury with an AIS > 3 in a least two regions of the body; Penetrating truncal injury with an AIS > 3 in the regions of the neck, chest, or abdomen; Shock patients with a systolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg; Patients with isolated traumatic brain injury (TBI) Elderly patients (over 65 years of age) without isolated hip fractures