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Vitamin C (also known as ascorbic acid and ascorbate) is a water-soluble vitamin found in citrus and other fruits, berries and vegetables. It is also a generic prescription medication and in some countries is sold as a non-prescription dietary supplement.
The historic importance of vitamin C deficiency relates to occurrence on long sea-going voyages, when the ship food supplies had no good source of the vitamin. Deficiency results in scurvy when plasma concentrations fall below 0.2 mg/dL, whereas the normal plasma concentration range is 0.4 to 1.5 mg/dL.
Scurvy, including subclinical scurvy, is caused by a deficiency of dietary vitamin C, since humans are unable to metabolically synthesize vitamin C. Provided the diet contains sufficient vitamin C, the lack of working L-gulonolactone oxidase (GULO) enzyme has no significance, and in modern Western societies, scurvy is rarely present in adults ...
Vitamin B12 deficiency symptoms . Vitamin B12 deficiency has a few hallmark symptoms, according to doctors: Lack of energy. Mental fatigue. Nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. Lack of appetite. Weight loss
C 6 H 6 O 6 • − + L• + H 2 O + H + → C 6 H 8 O 7 + LH 2 C 6 H 6 O 6 • − + H 2 O + H + → C 6 H 8 O 7 + C 6 H 7 O − 6. Aqueous solutions of dehydroascorbate are unstable, undergoing hydrolysis with a half-life of 5–15 minutes at 37 °C (99 °F). Decomposition products include diketogulonic acid, xylonic acid, threonic acid and ...
Vitamin D is the all encompassing name for a family of similar chemical components needed in the human body, says Courtney Pelitera, M.S., R.D., C.N.S.C., registered dietitian and owner of Devour ...
A set of vitamers with related biological activity are grouped together by a general name, or generic descriptor, that refers to similar compounds with the same vitamin function. For example, vitamin A is the generic descriptor for the class of vitamin A vitamers which include retinol, retinal, retinoic acid, and provitamin carotenoids such as ...
Thiamine, also known as thiamin and vitamin B 1, is a vitamin, an essential micronutrient for humans and animals. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] It is found in food and commercially synthesized to be a dietary supplement or medication .
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