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Human genetic enhancement. An illustration of viral vector -mediated gene transfer using an adenovirus as the vector. Human genetic enhancement or human genetic engineering refers to human enhancement by means of a genetic modification. This could be done in order to cure diseases (gene therapy), prevent the possibility of getting a particular ...
Regulations covering genetic modification are part of general guidelines about human-involved biomedical research. [ citation needed ] There are no international treaties which are legally binding in this area, but there are recommendations for national laws from various bodies.
e. Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification or genetic manipulation, is the modification and manipulation of an organism's genes using technology. It is a set of technologies used to change the genetic makeup of cells, including the transfer of genes within and across species boundaries to produce improved or novel organisms.
Human germline engineering could be used to heritably cure genetic disorders and other diseases, and to give specific traits to human babies. For example, The Berlin Patient has a genetic mutation in the CCR5 gene (which codes for a protein on the surface of white blood cells, targeted by the HIV virus) that deactivates the expression of CCR5, conferring innate resistance to HIV.
They argue against the genetic engineering of human beings because they fear the blurring of the boundary between human and artifact. [138] [148] Philosopher Keekok Lee sees such developments as part of an accelerating trend in modernization in which technology has been used to transform the "natural" into the "artefactual". [149]
Life extension is the concept of extending the human lifespan, either modestly through improvements in medicine or dramatically by increasing the maximum lifespan beyond its generally-settled biological limit of around 125 years. [1] Several researchers in the area, along with "life extensionists", "immortalists", or "longevists" (those who ...
Human genetics. Human genetics is the study of inheritance as it occurs in human beings. Human genetics encompasses a variety of overlapping fields including: classical genetics, cytogenetics, molecular genetics, biochemical genetics, genomics, population genetics, developmental genetics, clinical genetics, and genetic counseling.
The term modifications in genetics refers to both naturally occurring and engineered changes in DNA. Incidental, or natural mutations occur through errors during replication and repair, either spontaneously or due to environmental stressors. Intentional modifications are done in a laboratory for various purposes, developing hardier seeds and ...