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Hypernatremia (high blood sodium level, above 145 mEq/L) causes thirst, and due to brain cell shrinkage may cause confusion, muscle twitching, or spasms. With severe elevation, seizures and comas may occur. [11] [12] Death can be caused by ingestion of large amounts of salt at a time (about 1 g per kg of body weight). [13]
Mineralcorticoid excess due to a disease state such as Conn's syndrome usually does not lead to hypernatremia unless free water intake is restricted. Salt poisoning is the most common cause in children. [16] [17] It has also been seen in a number of adults with mental health problems. [11] Too much salt can also occur from drinking seawater or ...
Salt poisoning typically results in a feeling of confusion and jitteriness; more severe intoxication can cause seizures and coma. Death can result if medical intervention is not forthcoming. These symptoms are generally a consequence of hypernatremia – an abnormally high sodium level in the blood. (There are myriad causes of hypernatremia ...
Eperisone (formulated as the eperisone hydrochloride salt) is an antispasmodic drug. Eperisone acts by relaxing both skeletal muscles and vascular smooth muscles , and demonstrates a variety of effects such as reduction of myotonia , improvement of circulation , and suppression of the pain reflex.
Causes of cramping include [9] hyperflexion, hypoxia, exposure to large changes in temperature, dehydration, or low blood salt. Muscle cramps can also be a symptom or complication of pregnancy; kidney disease; thyroid disease; hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, or hypocalcaemia (as conditions); restless legs syndrome; varicose veins; [10] and ...
Some forms appear to be stimulus-sensitive. Some people with sleep myoclonus are rarely troubled by it, or need treatment. If it is a symptom of more complex and disturbing sleep disorders, such as restless legs syndrome, it may require medical treatment. Myoclonus can be associated with patients with Tourette syndrome.
On a consumer level, salt substitutes, which usually substitute a portion of sodium chloride content with potassium chloride, can be used to increase the potassium-to-sodium consumption ratio. [39] This change has been shown to blunt the effects of excess salt intake on hypertension and cardiovascular disease.
Different patterns of muscle weakness or hyperactivity can occur based on the location of the lesion, causing a multitude of neurological symptoms, including spasticity, rigidity, or dystonia. [ 3 ] Spastic hypertonia involves uncontrollable muscle spasms , stiffening or straightening out of muscles, shock-like contractions of all or part of a ...