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The Doppler effect (also Doppler shift) is the change in the frequency of a wave in relation to an observer who is moving relative to the source of the wave. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The Doppler effect is named after the physicist Christian Doppler , who described the phenomenon in 1842.
Results of the Frisch–Smith experiment. Curves computed for M N e w t o n {\displaystyle M_{\mathrm {Newton} }} and M S R {\displaystyle M_{\mathrm {SR} }} . If no time dilation exists, then those muons should decay in the upper regions of the atmosphere, however, as a consequence of time dilation they are present in considerable amount also ...
The transverse Doppler effect and consequently time dilation was directly observed for the first time in the Ives–Stilwell experiment (1938). In modern Ives-Stilwell experiments in heavy ion storage rings using saturated spectroscopy , the maximum measured deviation of time dilation from the relativistic prediction has been limited to ≤ 10 ...
The relativistic Doppler effect is the change in frequency, wavelength and amplitude [1] of light, caused by the relative motion of the source and the observer (as in the classical Doppler effect, first proposed by Christian Doppler in 1842 [2]), when taking into account effects described by the special theory of relativity.
An example of a Doppler broadened line profile. The solid line represents an un-broadened emission profile, and the dashed line represents a broadened emission profile. In atomic physics, Doppler broadening is broadening of spectral lines due to the Doppler effect caused by a distribution of velocities of atoms or molecules.
In physics, the Ives–Stilwell experiment tested the contribution of relativistic time dilation to the Doppler shift of light. [1] [2] The result was in agreement with the formula for the transverse Doppler effect and was the first direct, quantitative confirmation of the time dilation factor. Since then many Ives–Stilwell type experiments ...
Therefore, in a laboratory experiment at the surface of the Earth, all gravitational effects should be equivalent to the effects that would have been observed if the laboratory had been accelerating through outer space at g. One consequence is a gravitational Doppler effect. If a light pulse is emitted at the floor of the laboratory, then a ...
The relativistic Doppler effect causes a shift in the frequency f of light originating from a source that is moving in relation to the observer, so that the wave is observed to have frequency f': ′ = /, where v is the velocity of the source in the observer's rest frame, θ is the angle between the velocity vector and the observer-source ...