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A temperature coefficient describes the relative change of a physical property that is associated with a given change in temperature. For a property R that changes when the temperature changes by dT , the temperature coefficient α is defined by the following equation:
In practice, the resistance will vary with time and external conditions. Resistance will vary with temperature. Carbon film resistors have temperature coefficients of several hundred parts per million per kelvin. [2] Some wirewound resistors have coefficients of 10 ppm/K. Some off-the-shelf metal foil resistors can be as low as 0.2 ppm/K. [3]
Temperature coefficients as low as 1.5–2.0 ppm/°C can be obtained with bandgap references. [a] However, the parabolic characteristic of voltage versus temperature means that a single figure in ppm/°C does not adequately describe the behavior of the circuit. Manufacturers' data sheets show that the temperature at which the peak (or trough ...
Temperature coefficients of some often used capacitors Type of capacitor, dielectric material Temperature coefficient C/C 0 Application temperature range Ceramic capacitors class 1 paraelectric NP0: ±30 ppm/K (±0.5%) −55…+125 °C Ceramic capacitors class 2, ferroelectric X7R: ±15%: −55…+125 °C Ceramic capacitors class 2 ...
Quantity (common name/s) (Common) symbol/s Defining equation SI unit Dimension Temperature gradient: No standard symbol K⋅m −1: ΘL −1: Thermal conduction rate, thermal current, thermal/heat flux, thermal power transfer
In thermal physics and thermodynamics, the heat capacity ratio, also known as the adiabatic index, the ratio of specific heats, or Laplace's coefficient, is the ratio of the heat capacity at constant pressure (C P) to heat capacity at constant volume (C V).
The result is a reasonable tolerance (0.5%, 1%, or 2%) and a temperature coefficient that is generally between 50 and 100 ppm/K. [18] Metal film resistors possess good noise characteristics and low non-linearity due to a low voltage coefficient. They are also beneficial due to long-term stability.
is the temperature (in kelvins), R {\displaystyle R} is the resistance at T {\displaystyle T} (in ohms), A {\displaystyle A} , B {\displaystyle B} , and C {\displaystyle C} are the Steinhart–Hart coefficients , which are characteristics specific to the bulk semiconductor material over a given temperature range of interest.