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The university of ancient Taxila (ISO: Takṣaśilā Viśvavidyālaya) was a center of the Gurukula system of Brahmanical education in Taxila, Gandhara, in present-day Punjab, Pakistan, near the bank of the Indus River. It was established as a centre of education in religious and secular topics.
Gandhāran Buddhism was the Buddhist culture of ancient Gandhāra, which was a major center of Buddhism in the northwestern Indian subcontinent from the 3rd century BCE to approximately 1200 CE. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Ancient Gandhāra corresponds to modern day north Pakistan , mainly the Peshawar valley and Potohar plateau as well as Afghanistan 's ...
Gandhara (IAST: Gandhāra) was an ancient Indo-Aryan [1] civilization centred in present-day north-west Pakistan and north-east Afghanistan. [2] [3] [4] The core of the region of Gandhara was the Peshawar and Swat valleys extending as far east as the Pothohar Plateau in Punjab, though the cultural influence of Greater Gandhara extended westwards into the Kabul valley in Afghanistan, and ...
The Art and Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent, 2nd edn. 1994, Yale University Press Pelican History of Art, ISBN 0300062176; Sir John Marshall, The Buddhist art of Gandhara, 1960, ISBN 81-215-0967-X; Michell, George (2000), Hindu Art and Architecture, 2000, Thames & Hudson, ISBN 978-0500203378
The site is considered among the most important relics of Buddhism in all of what was once Gandhara. [1] The monastery was founded in the 1st century CE, [2] and was in use until the 7th century. [1] The complex is regarded by archaeologists as being particularly representative of the architecture of Buddhist monastic centers from its era. [3]
During classical antiquity, a special Gandharan architecture evolved in the ancient region of Gandhara with the rise of Buddhism. [1] In addition, the Persian and Greek influence led to the development of the Greco-Buddhist style, starting from the 1st century AD.
Indo-Corinthian capital were also used in combination with architectural elements, such as Buddhist stupas. One of the best example was excavated and reconstituted at Sirkap . Perhaps the most notable divergence from the western concept of function occurs at Kalawan, Taxila , where a large acanthus capital set on a lotus base was inserted ...
The Seated Buddha from Gandhara is an early surviving statue of the Buddha discovered at the site of Jamal Garhi in ancient Gandhara in modern-day Pakistan, that dates to the 2nd or 3rd century AD during the Kushan Empire. Statues of the "enlightened one" were not made until the 1st century CE.