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In Greek mythology, the underworld or Hades (Ancient Greek: ᾍδης, romanized: Háidēs) is a distinct realm (one of the three realms that make up the cosmos) where an individual goes after death. The earliest idea of afterlife in Greek myth is that, at the moment of death, an individual's essence ( psyche ) is separated from the corpse and ...
In Roman mythology, the entrance to the underworld located at Avernus, a crater near Cumae, was the route Aeneas used to descend to the realm of the dead. [113] By synecdoche, "Avernus" could be substituted for the underworld as a whole. The di inferi were a collective of underworld divinities.
1st century sculpture of Pluto in the Getty Villa. In ancient Greek religion and mythology, Pluto (Greek: Πλούτων, Ploutōn) was the ruler of the Greek underworld.The earlier name for the god was Hades, which became more common as the name of the underworld itself.
The mythology or religion of most cultures incorporate a god of death or, more frequently, a divine being closely associated with death, an afterlife, or an underworld. They are often amongst the most powerful and important entities in a given tradition, reflecting the fact that death, like birth , is central to the human experience.
The name "Erebus" is often used by ancient authors to refer either to the darkness of the Underworld, [19] to the Underworld itself, [20] or to the subterranean region through which souls of the dead travel to reach Hades, [21] and it is sometimes used synonymously with Tartarus or Hades. [22]
Menoetes (Μενοίτης), an Underworld spirit who herded the cattle of Hades; Nyx (Νύξ), the primeval goddess of night; Orphne (Ορφνη), a Lampad nymph of Hades, mother of Askalaphos; Persephone (Περσεφόνη), queen of the underworld, wife of Hades and goddess of spring growth; Rivers of the Underworld Acheron (Αχέρων ...
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A relief from grave of Lysimachides, 320 BC. Two men and two women sit together as Charon, the ferryman of the Underworld, approaches to take him to the land of the dead.. In Greek mythology, deities referred to as chthonic (/ ˈ θ ɒ n ɪ k /) or chthonian (/ ˈ θ oʊ n i ə n /) [a] were gods or spirits who inhabited the underworld or existed in or under the earth, and were typically ...