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The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two. " The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two: Some Limits on Our Capacity for Processing Information " [ 1] is one of the most highly cited papers in psychology. [ 2][ 3][ 4] It was written by the cognitive psychologist George A. Miller of Harvard University 's Department of Psychology and published ...
Short-term memory. Short-term memory (or " primary " or " active memory ") is the capacity for holding a small amount of information in an active, readily available state for a short interval. For example, short-term memory holds a phone number that has just been recited. The duration of short-term memory (absent rehearsal or active maintenance ...
George Sperling, Ulric Neisser. George Armitage Miller (February 3, 1920 – July 22, 2012) [ 1] was an American psychologist who was one of the founders of cognitive psychology, and more broadly, of cognitive science. He also contributed to the birth of psycholinguistics. Miller wrote several books and directed the development of WordNet, an ...
This is a list of file signatures, data used to identify or verify the content of a file. Such signatures are also known as magic numbersor Magic Bytes. Many file formats are not intended to be read as text. If such a file is accidentally viewed as a text file, its contents will be unintelligible. However, some file signatures can be ...
A modality effect is present in chunking. That is, the mechanism used to convey the list of items to the individual affects how much "chunking" occurs. Experimentally, it has been found that auditory presentation results in a larger amount of grouping in the responses of individuals than visual presentation does. Previous literature, such as George Miller's The Magical Number Seven, Plus or ...
Hermann Ebbinghaus (24 January 1850 – 26 February 1909) was a German psychologist who pioneered the experimental study of memory. Ebbinghaus discovered the forgetting curve and the spacing effect. He was the first person to describe the learning curve. He was the father of the neo-Kantian philosopher Julius Ebbinghaus .
Its capacity, however, is very limited. In 1956, George A. Miller (1920–2012), when working at Bell Laboratories, conducted experiments showing that the store of short-term memory was 7±2 items. (Hence, the title of his famous paper, "The Magical Number 7±2."
George A. Miller suggested that the capacity of the short-term memory storage is about seven items plus or minus two, also known as the magic number 7, [2] but this number has been shown to be subject to numerous variability, including the size, similarity, and other properties of the chunks. [3]