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Voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) (pronounced "vizwar" [ 1][ 2]) is the ratio of maximum to minimum voltage on a transmission line . For example, a VSWR of 1.2 means a peak voltage 1.2 times the minimum voltage along that line, if the line is at least one half wavelength long. A SWR can be also defined as the ratio of the maximum amplitude to ...
The characteristic impedance of an infinite transmission line at a given angular frequency is the ratio of the voltage and current of a pure sinusoidal wave of the same frequency travelling along the line. This relation is also the case for finite transmission lines until the wave reaches the end of the line. Generally, a wave is reflected back ...
Coaxial cable, or coax (pronounced / ˈkoʊ.æks / ), is a type of electrical cable consisting of an inner conductor surrounded by a concentric conducting shield, with the two separated by a dielectric ( insulating material); many coaxial cables also have a protective outer sheath or jacket. The term coaxial refers to the inner conductor and ...
Return loss is a measure of how well devices or lines are matched. A match is good if the return loss is high. A high return loss is desirable and results in a lower insertion loss . From a certain perspective 'Return Loss' is a misnomer. The usual function of a transmission line is to convey power from a source to a load with minimal loss.
Link budget. A link budget is an accounting of all of the power gains and losses that a communication signal experiences in a telecommunication system; from a transmitter, through a communication medium such as radio waves, cable, waveguide, or optical fiber, to the receiver. It is an equation giving the received power from the transmitter ...
Scattering parameters or S-parameters (the elements of a scattering matrix or S-matrix) describe the electrical behavior of linear electrical networks when undergoing various steady state stimuli by electrical signals. The parameters are useful for several branches of electrical engineering, including electronics, communication systems design ...
Time-domain reflectometer for cable fault detection. A time-domain reflectometer ( TDR) is an electronic instrument used to determine the characteristics of electrical lines by observing reflected pulses . It can be used to characterize and locate faults in metallic cables (for example, twisted pair wire or coaxial cable ), [ 1] and to locate ...
Mismatch loss represents the amount of power wasted in the system [dubious – discuss]. It can also be thought of as the amount of power gained if the system was perfectly matched [dubious – discuss]. Impedance matching is an important part of RF system design; however, in practice there will likely be some degree of mismatch loss. [ 1]