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For t ≤ k, an orthogonal array of type (N, k, v, t) – an OA(N, k, v, t) for short – is an N × k array whose entries are chosen from a set X with v points (a v-set) such that in every subset of t columns of the array, every t-tuple of points of X is repeated the same number of times. The number of repeats is usually denoted λ.
The animation shows the maze generation steps for a graph that is not on a rectangular grid. First, the computer creates a random planar graph G shown in blue, and its dual F shown in yellow. Second, the computer traverses F using a chosen algorithm, such as a depth-first search, coloring the path red.
An alternate representation of a Latin square is given by an orthogonal array. For a Latin square of order n this is an n 2 × 3 matrix with columns labeled r, c and s and whose rows correspond to a single position of the Latin square, namely, the row of the position, the column of the position and the symbol in the position. Thus for the order ...
If each entry of an n × n Latin square is written as a triple (r,c,s), where r is the row, c is the column, and s is the symbol, we obtain a set of n 2 triples called the orthogonal array representation of the square. For example, the orthogonal array representation of the Latin square
A 2D animated character composited with 3D backgrounds using layers Main article: Layers (digital image editing) The models used in 2D computer graphics usually do not provide for three-dimensional shapes, or three-dimensional optical phenomena such as lighting, shadows , reflection , refraction , etc.
English: An orthogonal array OA(N, k, s, t) is an N × k matrix with s kinds of elements as components such that each t-tuple of the elements are contained same times as a row in any N × t subarray constructed by taking t columns. In this image, for OA(18, 7, 3, 2) on the right side, you can see that every 18 × 2 subarray on the left side ...
Orthogonal array testing is a systematic and statistically-driven black-box testing technique employed in the field of software testing. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] This method is particularly valuable in scenarios where the number of inputs to a system is substantial enough to make exhaustive testing impractical.
The eigenspaces of are orthogonal. U can be written as U = e iH , where e indicates the matrix exponential , i is the imaginary unit, and H is a Hermitian matrix . For any nonnegative integer n , the set of all n × n unitary matrices with matrix multiplication forms a group , called the unitary group U( n ) .