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Collective narcissism is a type of narcissism where an individual has an inflated self-love of their own group. [69] While the classic definition of narcissism focuses on the individual, collective narcissism asserts that one can have a similar excessively high opinion of a group, and that a group can function as a narcissistic entity. [69]
The term narcissistic rage was a concept introduced by Heinz Kohut in 1972. Narcissistic rage was theorised as a reaction to a perceived threat to a narcissist's self-esteem or self-worth. Narcissistic rage occurs on a continuum from aloofness, to expressions of mild irritation or annoyance, to serious outbursts, including violent attacks. [125]
On Narcissism (German: Zur Einführung des Narzißmus) is a 1914 essay by Sigmund Freud, the founder of psychoanalysis. [1] [2] [3]In the paper, Freud sums up his earlier discussions on the subject of narcissism, considers its place in sexual development, [3] and looks at the deeper problems of the relation between the ego and external objects, reconsidering the libido theory to draw a new ...
The book is written from the vantage point of Freudian ego psychology. Still, he throws the drive theory overboard and treats the subject matter of narcissism from many different vantage points. He opens new perspectives into the development of the human child, and renders the Oedipus complex irrelevant. He presents new clinical ideas, with ...
Narcissistic defenses are among the earliest defense mechanisms to emerge, and include denial, distortion, and projection. [4] Splitting is another defense mechanism prevalent among individuals with narcissistic personality disorder, borderline personality disorder, and antisocial personality disorder—seeing people and situations in black and white terms, either as all bad or all good.
Healthy narcissism was first conceptualized by Heinz Kohut, who used the descriptor "normal narcissism" and "normal narcissistic entitlement" to describe children's psychological development. [ 1 ] [ 20 ] Kohut's research showed that if early narcissistic needs could be adequately met, the individual would move on to what he called a "mature ...
Since its initial development, the NPI has evolved from 220 items to the more commonly employed NPI-40 (1984) and NPI-16 (2006), as well as the novel NPI-1 inventory (2014). [2] Derived from the DSM-III criteria for Narcissistic personality disorder (NPD), the NPI has been employed heavily by personality and social psychology researchers.
Counterdependency is the state of refusal of attachment, the denial of personal need and dependency, and may extend to the omnipotence and refusal of dialogue found in destructive narcissism, for example.