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When the eye is injured, a circular ring of fainted or stippled opacity is seen on the anterior surface of the lens due to brown amorphous granules of pigment lying on the capsule. It has the same diameter as the contracted pupil , and is due to impression of the iris on the lens as a result of the force of a concussion injury , which drives ...
A concussion, also known as a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), is a head injury that temporarily affects brain functioning. [8] Symptoms may include headache, dizziness, difficulty with thinking and concentration, sleep disturbances, mood changes, a brief period of memory loss, brief loss of consciousness; problems with balance; nausea; blurred vision; and mood changes.
After a concussion, protocols for safe return to sports practice and competition involve gradual return to play with an appropriate level of medical supervision. [24] To ensure player safety and reduce potential liability, school concussion plans should also have a formal system for tracking compliance, and for identifying and responding to any ...
A concussion is defined as a "complex pathophysiological process affecting the brain, induced by biomechanical forces". [1] A concussion should be suspected in any person who falls or has a hit to their face or their body and has a visible sign/clue that they may have a concussion or experiences any symptoms of concussion. [2]
Vehicle accidents are the most frequent cause of DAI; it can also occur as the result of child abuse [15] such as in shaken baby syndrome. [ 16 ] Immediate disconnection of axons may be observed in severe brain injury, but the major damage of DAI is delayed secondary axon disconnections, slowly developed over an extended time course. [ 2 ]
Concussion grading systems are sets of criteria used in sports medicine to determine the severity, or grade, of a concussion, the mildest form of traumatic brain injury. At least 16 such systems exist, [ 1 ] and there is little agreement among professionals about which is the best to use. [ 2 ]
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A study by Sullivan et al. found that 83% of male rugby athletes were aware of concussion signs and symptoms, but only 50% understood or were aware of the protocol to return to play after an injury. [43] When coaches were surveyed, 45% of participants did not believe immediate removal from play is warranted after a concussion. [43]