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The only generally accepted adverse effect of fluoride at levels used for water fluoridation is dental fluorosis, which can alter the appearance of children's teeth during tooth development; this is mostly mild and usually only an aesthetic concern. Compared to unfluoridated water, fluoridation to 1 mg/L is estimated to cause fluorosis in one ...
Dental fluorosis is caused by a higher than normal amount of fluoride ingestion whilst teeth are forming. Primary dentine fluorosis and enamel fluorosis can only happen during tooth formation, so fluoride exposure occurs in childhood. Enamel fluorosis has a white opaque appearance which is due to the surface of the enamel being hypomineralised ...
Fluoride helps to strengthen your teeth, ... 10 great public health achievements of the 20th century" thanks to its ability to prevent tooth decay. However, too much fluoride can cause fluorosis ...
Using too little means missing out on its benefits, but using too much can be toxic. “Fluoride in an excessive amount can cause fluorosis of the teeth, fluorosis of bones, thyroid disease and ...
Fluoride's dental health benefits have been established for decades, but recent TikToks claim it's toxic. Dentists explain what you should know. Skip to main content. 24/7 Help. For premium ...
Dr. Dean's research on the fluoride-dental caries relationship, published in 1942, included 7,000 children from 21 cities in Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio. The study concluded that the optimal amount of fluoride which minimized the risk of severe fluorosis but had positive benefits for tooth decay was 1 mg per day, per adult.
The agency says risks of water fluoridation are limited to dental fluorosis, which can alter dental enamel and cause white flecks, spots, lines or brown stains on the teeth when too much fluoride ...
Fluoride therapy is the use of fluoride for medical purposes. [2] Fluoride supplements are recommended to prevent tooth decay in children older than six months in areas where the drinking water is low in fluoride. [3] It is typically used as a liquid, pill, or paste by mouth. [4] Fluoride has also been used to treat a number of bone diseases. [5]