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The software update addressed the root cause of the compression stall problem by adjusting the engine's control logic to provide more consistent and stable airflow through the engine core. This was achieved by optimizing the engine's inlet guide vanes and airflow sensors, as well as altering the engine's response to certain flight conditions.
The generalised chemical structure of polyisocyanurate showing the isocyanurate group. The polyols are abbreviated as R-groups.. Polyisocyanurate (/ ˌ p ɒ l ɪ ˌ aɪ s oʊ s aɪ ˈ æ nj ʊər eɪ t /), also referred to as PIR, polyol, or ISO, is a thermoset plastic [1] typically produced as a foam and used as rigid thermal insulation.
Diagram of a fan disk Fan disk assembly diagram, showing one blade and attachment hardware Cross section of fan disk Failed fan disk recovered from the center engine of UAL 232. A fan disk is the central hub of a fan in a turbofan engine. Fan blades are attached to the fan disk, which is rotated by a shaft driven by a gas turbine. [1]
A household electric fan A large cylindrical fan. A fan is a powered machine that creates airflow. A fan consists of rotating vanes or blades, generally made of wood, plastic, or metal, which act on the air. The rotating assembly of blades and hub is known as an impeller, rotor, or runner. Usually, it is contained within some form of housing ...
In high bypass engines, the fan is situated in a short duct near the front of the engine and typically has a convergent cold nozzle, with the tail of the duct forming a low pressure ratio nozzle that under normal conditions will choke creating supersonic flow patterns around the core [citation needed].
The average engine stays on wing 13,500 flight hours before a shop visit (a Shop Visit Rate of 0.073 per thousand hours). It is claimed to be cumulatively 3.4 dB quieter than other engines in its class. [1] Like other modern aircraft power plants, it has a Full Authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC), for better fuel economy and reliability. [4]
The F119 has dual-redundant full authority digital engine control , also referred to internally as Digital Electronic Engine Control (DEEC), supplied by Hamilton Standard and fully integrated into the F-22's vehicle management system, making the engine highly reliable, stall-resistant, and forgiving of rapid throttle inputs.
The Engines of Pratt & Whitney: A Technical History. Reston. Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. ISBN 978-1-60086-711-8. Gunston, Bill (2006). World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines, 5th Edition. Phoenix Mill, Gloucestershire, England, UK: Sutton Publishing Limited. p. 9. ISBN 0-7509-4479-X.